THE GRAIN GROWERS’ GUIDE November 9th, 1910

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Union Bank of Canada

HEAD OFFICE: QUEBEC ESTABLISHED 1865 Capital paid-up - $3,244,000 Rest - $1,900,000 TOTAL ASSETS EXCEED $44,000,000 HON. JOHN SHARPLES, President G. H. BALFOUR, General Manager H. B. SHAW, Assistant General Manager WESTERN HEAD OFFICE STAFF, WINNIPEG, W. 8. ORISPO Ws 2. «eeeees Superintendent Western Branches

Private Funds

invested in carefully selected Real Estate or first

KR :

x Eo eae PRO a lmao TRERPCLOr ‘ ; | f ; If , VI BERT oes as .Sapervisor ert ranche « * © ‘

a BIAMo 2 yee aie Ba bseviant Saikitchawan Branches mortgage oans at current rate of inter est.

...Supervisor Saskatchewan Branches WESTERN BRANCHES OF UNION BANK OF OANADA

MANITOBA—Baldur, Birtle, Boisse- yain, Brandon, Carberry, Oarman, Car- roll, Clearwater, Orystal City, Cypress River, Dauphin, Deloraine, Glenboro, Hamiota, Hartney, Holland, Killarney, Manitou, Melita, Minnedosa, Minto, Morden, Neepawa, Newdale, ‘Ninga, Rapid City, Roblin, Russell,Shoal Lake, Souris, Strathclair, Virden, Waskada, Wawanesa, Wellwood, Winnipeg, Win- nipeg (N.E. Br.), Winnipeg (Sargent Ave. Br), Winnipeg (Logan Ave. Br.), Vonee (Selkirk and Salter Streets).

SASKATOHEWAN—Adanac, Arcola, Asquith, Buchanan, Oarlyle, Craik, Cu- par, Esterhazy, Eyebrow, Fillmore, Gull Lake; Humbolt, Indian Head, Jansen, Kindersley, Kerr Robert, Landis, Lang. Lanigan, Lemberg, Lumsden,Luse Land, Macklin, Maple Creek, Maryfield, Mile stone, Moose Jaw, Moosomin, Nether Hill, Neudorf, Outlook, Oxbow, Pense, Perdue, Qu’Apelle, Regina, Rocanville, Rosetown, Saskatoon, Scott, Sintaluta, Suthey, Strassburg, Swift Current, Tes- sier, Theodore, Togo, Wapella, Wat- rous, Webb, Weyburn, Wilkie, Wind- thorst, Wolseley, Yorkton, Zealandia.

ALBERTA— Airdrie, Alix, Barons, Bassano, Blairmore, Bowden, Brooks, Calgary, Carbon, Cardston, Carlstadt, Carstairs, Claresholm, Cochrane,Cowley, Didsbury, Edmenton, Ft. Saskatche- wan, Frank, Grassy Lake, High River, Innisfail, Irma, Irvine, Lacombe, Lang- | don, Lethbridge, Lethbridge (North Ward Braneh), Macleod, Medicine Hat, Okotoks, Pincher Creek, Seven Per-

h — et - ‘ . sons, Sterling, Strathmore, Three Hills, pire e Zl Wainwright. ee aa 2 | BRITISH COLUMBIA ‘

you have funds on hand or mortgages or other securities maturing at an early date mail particu- lars of the amount you will have to invest, stating when your funds will be available and the nature of the investment you prefer, whether Real Estate or first mortgage. I shall mail you by return full particulars of the most suitable investment for your funds.

Many advantages by filing your application at once.

Titles thoroughly inspected and all instruments carefully examined before money is paid out.

References, Bank of Toronto, Winnipeg.

Mail particulars at once to

sacha er vat Planet) senses Union Bank Building, Winnipeg. . ancouver . Pleasant), Vanyouver i Se oy ye ° ° | (Abbott and Cordova Stations) Victoria 54 Aikins Building - P.O. Box 645, Winnipeg H SPECIAL ATTENTION GIVEN TO FARMERS’ BUSINESS. GRAIN i DRAFTS NEGOTIATED. INTEREST ALLOWED ON DEPOSITS Agents and correspondents at all important centres in Great Britain and the United H States, A General Banking Business Transacted. Winnipeg Branch . - - - - . - - - R. S. BARROW, Manager

A New Era is Dawning for Farmers THE “MIDGET” PATENT ROLLER FLOUR MILL

What It Is

A Complete Roller Flour Mill in one frame driven by one belt.

What It Does

Makes 196 to 220 pounds of flour per hour.

Produces results equal to

Floor space occupied, 10 ft. a ‘ the largest mills.

* 7} WS : Fe] Tt vi by 4 ft. Height, 6 ft. 3 in. Nae Wi/ ha ef Requires 3-horse power to — e me.

drive.

Does NOT require an exper- ienced miller to operate.

Contains four pairs of Rollers and four Centrifugal Flour Dressers.

Leaves Bran and Shorts with farmers for feed.

a. [COPY] Roller Flour Mills. Coombe Valley. Morwenstow, Bude, North Cornwall, 30th July, 1910

Dear Sirs: —The “MIDGEF” Plant you erected for us about a month ago is giving great satisfaction. We are running on entirely English wheats. The flour is of good colour and texture, the middlings soft and free from flour, and bran well cleaned out. In fact it ia a thorough success. We find it only takes two-thirds of the power required for one pair of wheat stones. We are confident that the “MIDGET” Plant will be the means of restoring the flour trade in country districts. —Yours faithfully (Signed) TAPE & SONS.

This Mill with WHEAT-CLEANER, Gasoline Engine and Building, costs less than a Modern Threshing Outfit, and will run 12 months in the year and 24 hours per day.

For Booklet, with full particulars and plans for installation, &c., write to

S'Gaame niece = CHAS. LUNN, JASMIN P.O., Sask.

November ‘9th, 1910 THE GRAIN GROWERS’ GUIDE . Page #

eo, Buide

R. McKENZIE, Editor-in-Chief G. F. CHIPMAN, Managing Editor

Published under the auspices and employed. as the Official Organ of the Manitoba Grain Grain Growers’ Association, the Saskatchewan Grain Growers’ Association, and the United Farmers of Alberta.

THE GUIDE IS DESIGNED TO GIVE UNCOLORED NEWS FROM THE WORLD OF THOUGHT AND ACTION and honest opinions thereon, with the object of aiding our people to form correct views upon economic,’ social and moral questions, so that the growth of society may continually be in the direction of more equitable, kinder and wiser relations between its members, resulting in the widest possible increase and diffusion of ma-

terial prosperity, right living, health and happiness.

THE GUIDE IS THE ONLY PAPER IN CANADA THAT IS ABSOLUTELY OWNED AND CONTROLLED BY FARMERS. It is en a ar ors entirely independent, and not one dollar of political, corporation or special interest money is invested in it. All opinions expressed in The Guide are

with the aim to make Canada a better country and to bring forward the Canada’s largest, best equipped and most day when ‘‘Equal Rights to All and Special Privileges to None’’ shall up-to-date Dental Office. Specialists for prevail. all branches of Dentistry. No students.

Canadian Subscriptions, $1.00 per year in advance. Foreign Subscrip- only ee of experience and ability tions, $1.50 per year in advance. Single Copy, 5 cents. employed as operators.

Advertising Rates may be had upon application.

Change of advertising copy and New Matter must be received not later 7 than Friday noon each week to ensure insertion. OFFICE IN

Published every Wednesday at Winnipeg, Canada. Authorized by the

e .@ Postmaster-General, Ottawa, Canada, for transmission as second class mail Kennedy Building

matter. .) 9, Address all communications, upon whatever subject, to The Grain Opposite Eaton’s, on Portage Ave., WINNIPEG Growers’ Guide, Winnipeg. Do not send anything but personal letters to “ (See name on door) individuals.

Consultations and Estimates Given Free

Volume III. NOVEMBER 9th, 1910 No. 15

RE OTTAWA DELEGATION

The final arrangements for the Grain Growers’ Ottawa delegation have been made. The regular winter excursion tickets are made to apply. A special Here’s a model that will excursion train will leave Winnipeg on suit those who want genu- the evening of December 12 which will 3 reach Ottawa on the night of December ine easy -riding _ comfort 14. A conference of all the delegates and at the same time a from the different provinces will be held natty turn-out. in one of the principal halls in Ottawa on the 15th, and the delegation will wait on the government on Friday, the 16th. The excursion train will be made up of sleepers and tourist cars. It is not, however, necessary for all delegates ’ \ ; i slaw. to join this excursion train. Anyone ; é : 4 =, who has business to look after in ; Ontario, or who wishes to visit friends, can leave any time after the first of December and go by any route they choose. All that is necessary is that they mect the delegation at Ottawa on the morning of December 15. All tickets are good for ninety days. Cir- cular letters will be issued to all secre- taries giving full information within a few days. It is to be hoped that every branch of the Grain Growers’ Associa- tion in the three Western Provinces will take steps to see that they are repre- sented on the delegation.

When you settle back in

this Auto Seat, with those ‘long Concord springs under you, you’re going to really enjoy your ride.

ALBERTA SESSION THURSDAY

An Edmonton wire of November 7 said: “Things are beginning to assume an animated appearance at the local legis- lature building, in) preparation of the opening of the first session under the diree- tion of Premier Sifton, on Thursday after- noon. The address in reply to the throne

No. 517 - CLIPPER BUGGY, AUTO SEAT will be moved by Charles Stewart, of

hilpeniek he see : The lines of this buggy make it look light and trim. while ae Le Wash al ae th Ht 2: AY N ES i U G G | E cy itis quite roomy and solidly built. Another advantage

The first business of the :session. will be is that it is particularly easy to get in and out of it.

the presentation to the house of the re- Get a Catalogue from your dealer and look over our line. If he hasn’t one, write us direct. pet of the Royal commission on the Al- We want a Baynes Representative in every town in the West. Write at once for territory and terms. erta and Great Waterways. It will be A. C. McRAE, Winnipeg, Man. W. T. BELL, Saskatoon, Sask. M. C. DREW & SONS, Vancouver, B.C.

tubled by Premier Sifton immediately

ina dengte’awcr™ “| THE BAYNES CARRIAGE CO. LIMITED, HAMILTON, Ontario

Tt is reported that Knud Rasmussen, the noted Danish explorer and scien-

Taney wacied tie Murer Pole WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS PLEASE MENTION THE GUIDE

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A posteard inquiry will bring full information,

Dept. Gh

7 OF WESTERN CANADA. LMiTED

212 ROOKERY BUILDING, WINNIPEG. | EN

i a

AMERICAN POLITICAL INSURGENCY

In the American Magazine for Nov- ember there isa very able and illuminating article by Ray Stannard Baker, dealing with the new programand the progressive politicians in the Western States. It shows how Aldrich, Hale, Cannon and the other big political bosses have been largely

shorn of their power, and how younger.

men with new ideals and the virility of new purposes are coming to the front. LaFollette and Cummins, who have fought along and lonely fight, and who have been outcast rebels and insurgents, have at last come into their own. The insurgency in the Republican forces, which started a few years ago, is now becoming regular all over the West. The common people are rising and standing behind their own champions and demanding that they receive a square deal. The people of the United States and in Canada are tired of railroad and corporation rule, and of secing the national resources of their country handed over to a few capitalists for their own private gain.

In the American Senate there were six men who made life miserable for the politi- cal bosses. These men were LaFollette, Cummins, Bristow, Beveridge, Dolliver and Clapp. Dolliver unfortunately died a few weeks ago before his great work was neatly finished. In the house of representatives there has also been a nuble bunch of twenty-five insurgents led by six able and fearless fighters. Out- side of the American parliament, Gifford Pinchott has been in revolt. Judge Ben Lindsay has been writing and working and has won a magnificant victory in Denver against the corporation beast in the jungle of politics. James R. Garfield has been fighting for a square deal in Ohio and numerous other men of lesser note have been working along the same lines. The article includes a reference to the life and work of the leading insurgents and how they have brought themselves to a fore- most position in American politics.

The only man that the author does not attempt to classify is Theodore Roosevelt. He says that Roosevelt is beyond classifi- cation and he dves not know where to place him. In the senate of the United States the great fight against Aldrich is portrayed by Mr, Baker and he tells how Senator Dolliver and Senator Bever- idge and their companies broke the power of that great political buss who is. now retiring from political life. The progres- sives have been making splendid progress in spite of the tremendous opposition against them. The people are awake to the fact that the political busses have not been giving them a square deal and that democracy in the United States has been on the ebb.

The elections in the United States will show a greatly changed character in both houses of the American Cougress. ‘The progressives are in favor of real govern- ment by the people, while many others are “standing pat” for conditions as they now exist. The progressives believe that the people should have what they want, and that the people's voice is the voly one that should rule.

MORLEY ON PRIVY COUNCIL

A London cuble of Nov. 4 suid: —The retirement of Viscount’ Mortey from the office uf the secretary of state for India in the Asquith CaLinet was officially announced this evening. At the same time the following appointments, ap- proved by the King, were made: Vis- count Morley, to be lord president of the privy council, vice the Earl of Beau- champ; the Earl of Crewe, secretary of

THE GRAIN GROWERS’ GQULDE

state for India; Lewis V. Harcourt, sec- ;

retary of state for the colonies, vice the Earl of Crewe; the Earl of Beauchamp, first commissioner of works, vice Lewis

Ilarcourt. DUKES

Some months ago * The Strand Maga- zine’’ published an article on this subject. There are 27 dukes. They own 4,239.053 acres of land in the United Kingdom. The richest duke is the Duke of West- minster. The Duke of Sutherland owns the most land. Next tothe Czar of Russia he is the greatest landowner in the world. He is the President of the Tariff Reform League. Like Sir William Lyne, Mr. McGowen, Mr. Tudor, and other protec- tionists, he says that labor ought to be taxed to prevent the country going to the dogs. The poorest Duke is the Duke of St. Albans. The first duke was the Black Prince, who was created Duke of Corn- wall in 1835. The Prince of Wales still holds that title. The following | fist supplies the areas of land owned by the dukes, which average 150.000 acres, and their rent rolls. In many cases the rent rolls quoted form only part of thein comes of the dukes. For inst-nee, the great revenue from the London Estate of the Duke of Bedford are not included. The Duke of Hamilton also draws £76,006 from omines and quarries, and so on, Figures for the Dukes of Richmond. St. Albans and Westminster are not supplied. The heir of the Duke of Montrose recently by marriage acquired another 102,210 acres, rent roll £18,702. Furce, fraud

and royal favoritism were the principal means by which the dukes got the land. Land Owned Annual

Acres” Rent Roll

Duke of Norfolk 49,886 £80,000 Duke of Somerset... 23,327 37,577 Duke of Grafton 25.773 39,254 Duke of Beanfort 51.035 56,226 Duke of Leeds... 0. 24,000 33,381 Duke of Bedford... .. 86,300) 1#2,000 Duke of Devonshire . 0.6.6... 180,750 Duke of Marlborough. Q1,511 386,557 Duke of Rutland 70,137 97486 Duke of Hamilton... 157,386 73,636 Duke of Buccleuth 460.108 221,000 Duke of Argvle oo... 175.000 51,000 Duke of Atholl ooo... 202,000 42.000 Duke of Montrose... 103.447 24,872 Duke of Roxburghe .. GOAI8 50,917 Duke of Portland .. 183.000 500.000 Duke of Manchester 17,312 40.360 Duke of Neweastle 85,541 74,541 Duke of Northumber-

land. Jo... 183,397 176.048 Duke of Leinster. WAV 55,877 Duke of Wellington .. 19,116 22.162 Duke of Sutherland .. 1,280,000 150,000 Duke of Abercorn.... 78,662 53.400 Duke uf Fife ........ 249,200 73,814

RAILWAY COMMISSION'S ORDERS

An Ottawa dispatch of Nov. 3° said: “The railway commission today ordered that all passenger, mail, baggage and express cars on trains be equipped with proper tools for use in case of emergency. The tools. the order states, must be put in a conspicuuus place and be easily acces-

November 9th, 1910

sible. - Several representatives of signal manufacturers were heard, each spoke in favor of the advantages of his particular signal for use at lever crossings. The board will consider this matter and specify later the kind of signal that must be used at all level crossings.

EXPERIMENTAL FARM STATISTICS

Statistics from the, Brandon Experi- mental Farm show that October was one of the dryest months on record.oily .031 inches of rain falling during the entire period. The temperature was nearer normal, sinking gradually lower towards the end of the month. the highest recorded being October 9. when the mercury reach- ed 85.4, on October 16 it again went over 80. The lowest temperature was on the night of October 28 when the glass dropped to 8 or 24 degrees of frost. On sixteen nights during the month frost was recorded including every night since October 19.

Tt has been officially announced that the C. P. R. will build: four new veosels for trade belween Nova Scotia ports and Boston and New York.

Frank Austin, a well known cattle and horseman, of Cardston, Alta. died as a result of blood poisoning from an acciden- tal gun wound in the foot.

Thousands of garment workers in Chicago are out on a strike. There have been many bluody encounters with the pelice.

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Frost and excessive heat are two elements which affect a piano more than anything else.

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Send us a post card or letter and we will mail you Catalogue which gives many facts regarding the manufacture of MARTIN-ORME Pianos which are of vital interest to prospective piano buyers.

A. E. SOULIS & CO.

328 Smith St., Winnipeg, Man. Sole Western Agents :: ::

Che Grain Growers’ Guide

Wiinniper, Wednesday, November 9th, 1910

ROBERT MEIGHEN’S MISREPRESENTATIONS We have received a copy of the ‘‘London Morning Post’’ of October 18 containing a letter by Sir Joseph Lawrence which includes a letter that Mr. Robert Meighen, President of the Lake of the Woods Milling Company, wrote to Sir Joseph. Sir Joseph says that he had spent nine days making inquiries in regard to the tariff feeling in Canada, and he is assured that there is no serious demand for a lower tariff. It is interesting to note where he got his information. Ile says, **Amongst those consulted, being presidents and directors of railways, bankers and rep- resentative men on Boards of Trade (Cham- bers of Commerce), and | can find nowhere any grounds for believing that any funda- mental changes are contemplated in the fiscal policy of the Dominion.’’ Thus, Sir Joseph Lawrence, sent over to Canada to spy out public opinion in favor of high tariff, goes to the right place. We do not doubt for a minute that the gentlemen whom he visited were all in favor of leaving things as they are. Every one of them is of the ‘‘special privilege’’ class, and they realize that any movement for reform is dangerous to them. The banks will oppose tariff reduction he- eause they know it will be followed sooner or later by a demand for banking reforms, and the railway .presidents also know the common people are becoming aroused to the extortion practiced by the railway com- panies. All the forees of special privilege are arrayed side by side in a determined effort to prevent any reform being granted, upon the demand of the people who produce the wealth of Canada. Mr. Meighen’s letter deals quite specifically with the tariff ques- tion of Canada in a number of its important phases. Ile says that the Organized Grain Crowers are joined together principally to protect themselves from the grain interests. If he studied the situation more he would realize his error. Ile also says that there is no substantial demand for Free Trade in Western Canada. Mr. Meighen adds:

‘*No doubt the farmers in the Canadian Northwest are largely in favor of a redue- tion in the tariff on agrieultural imple- ments, and possibly a certain portion of them at least would go for Free Trade in that specifie article, and also for a general reduction in the tariff where capitalization of manufactured industries is alleged to represent only a portion of the capital with what is termed in Canada, ‘a eonsider- able portion of water,’ in other words where shares of any industrial enterprise are put on the market, say $500,000 ot pre- ferred stock and $1,000,000 of common, 50 per cent. of the latter being given as honus to the parties subscribing to the preferred shares. ’?

Mr. Meighen says there is a strong feeling ageinst protecting this bonus eapital, and in this he is absolutely right. No doubt he ean speak feelingly upon the subject of “‘watered’’ stock, distribution of honuses, and melon eutting in general. Mr. Meighen is a director of the Canadian Pacific Railway and of other large corporations and he should be an expert on the subject of melon cutting. Ie is fully aware that practically all the leading manufacturing interests of Canada are enabled through enhanced prices to pay dividends upon this fictitious capital at the expense of the consumers. IIe says that any substantial reduction of the tariff

would close up Canadian manufacturing industries, prevent investment of capital, and deerease employment of labor. Mr.

Meighen simply makes this bald statement

which he does not in any way substantiate - would meet the responsibility to be incurred

and which we have repeatedly proven to be without foundation. Ile also says that there is a strong feeling in favor of Free Trade within the Empire, or in favor of the tariff for revenue only. Certainly there is a strong feeling for tariff for revenue only, and_ it grows stronger every day. We must adintit that there are a number of people in Canada who wave the Union Jack, talk imperialism, and shout protection at the same tine, hoping by so doing to confuse the people. They talk about Free Trade within the Empire, but if England should ever return to protection these same patriotic imperial- ists in Canada would be the first to shout and work for the highest possible tariff against Mngland. The whole policy is selfish and looks after Number One. Mr. Meighen says, ‘‘I hope a policy will be inaugurated with the mother country that will not only tend to but will keep the trade from being di- verted south or through American channels.’’ Where is the sense or reason in a man talking in this way?) England herself buys and sells to every country in the world without asking or giving preference. She asks favors of no one and the Mnglish people do not care in the slightest what country they buy from nor what country they sell to. It pays Eng- land to adopt such a policy. Why cannot Canada stop this nonsensical talk of patriot- ism and imperialism and do business on a business basis? What difference does it make to the Canadian farmer whether the agricultural implements he uses are made in Canada, the United States, or China, so long as they do the work and can he secured at a fair price?) The Canadian farmer has no preference in selling his products. He is willing to sell to any country regardless of the flag that floats over it. We do not blame Sir Joseph Lawrence for all that he has said, but Robert Meighen, who sells his flour in England cheaper than he sells it in the middle of the country where the wheat is grown; who partakes of the enormous profits of the Canadian Pacific Railway extorted from the people of Canada and does likewise with the profits of several other corporations and banks, should have the grace to keep out of polities and refrain from misrepre- sentation of the demands of the people of Canada.

PAYING FOR HUDSON’S BAY ROAD

In view of all the discussion that has taken place on the Hudson’s Bay Railway and its ownership and operation, it is well to keep in mind the fact that Western Can- ada will pay every cent of cost of the road. On September 1, 1908, the new law regarding the sale of pre-emptions and home- steads in the West went into effect, and from that time until July 31 last, there have been 40,844 pre-emptions and 2,926 purchased homesteads recorded in western Dominion land offices. These sales represent a revenue of $21,900,600 when all payments are com- pleted, without considering the interest. That immense fund will be increased day by day as further sales of land are made. It is of

vital interest to every Westerner to know

that this money is to be set aside to build the Iudson’s Bay Road. Hon. Frank Oliver, who introduced and supported this legisla- tion in the House of Commons, on June 23, 1908, said: ‘‘I am_ insisting on the pre- emption provision as a means of ensuring the early building of the railway to the Hudson’s Bay.’’ In the same debate Mr. Oliver also said: ‘‘We believed that, by that provision we would be enabled to raise a fund that

hecause of the railway to Hudson’s Bay.’’

Mr. Oliver was voicing the opinion of the Dominion Government at that time and it shows very clearly that parliament, in enact- ing such legislation, fully understood that the money was to be used for no other pur- pose than the building of the road’to Iud- son’s Bay. In the face of all this, we hear at the present time a great deal of talk about the Hudson’s Bay Road being given over to Mackenzie & Mann or some other corporation on a basis of eash grants and bond guaran- tees. Of course the grants and guarantees are always from two to five times as great as the actual cost of building the road. At the last federal election both parties and their leaders gave solemn pledges that the government would build the road to ITud- son’s Bay promptly. The money is all in hand. It has all been supplied by Western Canada. The voice of Western Canada is unanimous for government ownership and operation of the road. When the people provide all the money, they. should be allowed a voice in its expenditure. It is pos- sible that the Dominion government will dare to give to any corporation the railway upon which Western Canada has set.so much hope, and which, if properly built and operated, will afford immense relief from the present railway extortion.

On November 2 the Winnipeg PRoard of Trade took up the matter of the THudson’s Bay Road and passed a very strong resolu- tion demanding government ownership and operation of the road in the following terms:

‘*Whereas, the Dominion Government has by legislation provided for the sale by way of pre-emption, and otherwise, of Jand, the proceeds of which were to be set aside for the puryose of construction of a rail- road to Iludson’s Bay;

‘*And whereas, the Minister of the Interior in introducing the bill providing such legislation stated it was as a means of ensuring the early completion of the railway to Iludson’s Bay, and the Prime Minister and the Minister of Railways have since stated that it is the intention of the Government to provide for the immedi- ate construction of such railway;

‘*And whereas, under that provision land has now been disposed of representing an amount of over $21,000,000, exclusive of interest;

‘*Therefore be it resolved, that this Board desires to place on record its gratifi- cation that the wishes of the Western Provinces, in the opening out of the Iud- son’s Bay route, are now to have effect. And further, to place on record its opinion that the full benefits to Canada of the opening of this alternative route to the world’s markets will be secured only if the Government builds this railway as a national work, and retains its vwnership in perpetuity, and that such railway is oper- ated by the Government itself under inde- pendent commission, and that the Govern- ment should effect such arrangements as to make the highway equally available to all Canadian railways.’’

If Canada is a country where the people have any voice in the affairs of the nation, the Hudson’s Bay Road will be owned and operated by the government.

Sir Thomas Shaughnessy, President of the Canadian Pacific Railway, has just re- turned to Montreal from a tour of the West. He says he heard nothing about dissatisfae- tion concerning the tariff except from farm

Page 6

ers who felt that the duty on agricultural implements should be lowered. Nobody expected Sir Thomas to find out that there was a sentiment in favor of a lower tariff; he would not recognize that sentiment. if he met it. It is not in his interest to do so.

MR. ROGERS’ INTERVIEW

Hon. Robert Rogers, when in Toronto on November 2, gave a three column interview to The Daily News. In the interview he deals with nothing else than grafts in federal administration under the present Dominion Government. He makes accusations of practically everything in the line of boodling and robbery that could be conceived of, dealing with the National Transcontinental Railway, the implement combine, and con- cludes by stating that the time has come for a change and that the people of Canada have nothing to gain from the present government of Canada. Mr. Rogers is one of the leading public men of Western Canada, and no doubt aims to be one of the leading men in the Conservative party. We agree with some of the things he states in his interview—that the Dominion Covern- ment today is not doing all that it should do for the people of Canada and that cor- porations are getting more than is due them at the expense of the common people. The substance of Mr. Rogers’ interview is that the Liberal Government is no good whatever, and that a Conservative Government would be the only honest administration that could be secured. We know that there has heen graft in connection with the present Domin- ion Government, and we also know that there was graft in the old Conservative Gov- ernment at Ottawa. It is significant and unfortunate that Mr. Rogers makes not one single statement of a constructive character. He says that the implement combine is robbing the people, but he does not say a single word about what he would be in favor of doing if he had an opportunity to deal with the tariff. Ile does not say what attitude he takes towards government owner- ship and operation of the Iludson’s Bay Road. He does not deal in a statesmanlike way with any of the hig questions. Mr. Rogers had en opportunity to make a state- ment on national affairs that would give us some idea of what might be expected from the other party. Judging by the interview of Mr. Rogers, and the silence of Mr. Borden, there is nothing more to be hoped for from the Conservative party than from the Liberal party. It seems necessary that the delega- tion of farmers to Ottawa should be made as large and as representative as possible and that both political parties in parliament should be given to understand that the people are tired of thesé charges of graft and counter-graft and that they are looking for something constructive and progressive that will give a square deal to the people. There is a grand opportunity in Canada today for a statesman who can rise above mere office-seeking and spoils-sharing and who can see and realize the needs of his country. The hope of good government in Canada, today, rests largely upon the work of the organized farmers who, if they will cease being misled by mere politicians and be true Canadian citizens first, last, and all the time, will be able to promote legislation along lines that will make Canada the great nation that nature destined her to be. We want, in Canada, more statesmanship and less of party polities. lsoth parties are equally guilty of disregarding the rights of the people. Now, the time has come for the people to take a hand in the management of their own affairs.

The manufacturers tell us that if the tariff is lowered the products of ‘‘pauper labor’’ in other countries will be dumped into Canada and will ruin all our industries.. The same ery is put up in the United States

THE GRAIN GROWERS’ GUIDE

against the ‘‘pauper labor’’ of Canada. The same cry is made by the protected manufac- turers in Germany. Imagine Germany fearing the ‘‘pauper labor’’ of Canada and United States. Imagine Canada fearing the ‘‘ pauper labor’’ of United States.

PROTECTION AND REVENUE

After the revision of the customs tariff in 1907 the question of the tariff became a dead issue between the two great political parties in Canada. It was agreed by the leaders of both parties that the tariff was settled and that Canada was committed henceforth to

protection. But the leaders of the political parties reckoned without the common people. Sir Wilfrid Laurier’s western tour

brought the tariff more into the limelight in Canada than it has been since 1896, and both political parties are now nearly con- vineed that the tariff is not ‘‘a dead issue.’’ In the face of the insistent demands of the people for tariff reduction, the manufac- turers are again revising their excuses in favor of protection. The strongest argument that they make now is that we must have a tariff for revenue. This is a good sound ar- gument in many ways. Canada needs a large revenue for the conduct of her national business, and it seems a simple and easy method to place an indirect tax upon the people by means of the tariff, to produce this revenue. The tariff of Canada today takes a revenue out of the people of Canada equal at least to ten times the amount of the revenue that goes into the government treasury. The balance of the revenue, un- justly taken from the people, goes into the treasury of the protected manufacturers. This is strikingly shown in the case of agri- cultural implements. The net revenue secured by the tariff on agricultural imple- ments in 1909 was $142,602.94. It is well known that the manufacturers of these im- plements inercase their ordinary profits to the extent of the duty which varies from 171% to 20 per-cent. In 1900 the manufae- tures of farm implements in Canada that were used in Canada, approximated $12,000,- 000, and 17% per cent. of $12,000,000 would be over £2,000,000. No person can deny that the manufacturers of farm implements in Canada made an unjust profit of $2,000,000 through the tariff in 1909, and not one cent of this went into the Dominion treasury. Thus, the farmers of Canada are taxed ap- proximately $2,142,000 per year on agricul- tural implements alone, to furnish a revenue of only $142,000. Thus, for every dollar of revenue that the government collects on agricultural implements $15 additional goes into the pockets of the manufacturers of agricultural implements, and this is sup- posed to be a tariff for revenue purposes, which our manufacturers tell us is a splendid thing. There is no doubt that it is a splendid thing—for the manufacturer—but it is a very expensive thing for the farmer. The manufacturers assist the government to fix the tariff for themselves, and if they dared, they would have the tariff on agricultural implements greatly increased so that there would not be any imports of this article whatever. But in that event there would be no revenue whatever secured ‘to the gov- ernment, and the manufacturers know that in such case the people would rise in revolt. It is simply a case of putting the tariff as high as the people will stand. Ilow then is Canada to secure full revenue out of the tariff on agricultural implements? The simplest method would be to put the same tax upon agricultural implements manufac- tured in Canada as is. placed upon agricul- tural implements imported. The entire tax due to the tariff would then go into the Dominion treasury. That would be a tariff for revenue and it would not be a protective tariff because the manufacturers of farm implements all over the world would be able to compete on an even basis in Canada. A

November 9th, 1910

protective tariff cannot be a revenue tariff because if a tariff is for protection only it will be so high as to keep out all foreign products and there will be no _ revenue secured to the people. On the other hand a revenue tariff would be a tariff only upon articles and products that are not produced in Canada. A revenue tariff and a protective tariff cannot be worked out together in fair- ness to the consumer. The tariff today, which supplies a revenue to the Dominion government, is far too expensive. A tariff of five per cent. upon agricultural imple- ments would today bring a far greater revenue than the present tariff of 174% per cent. because there would be a far larger amount of imports and there would be a far less profit go into the pockets of the manufacturers, The farmers are asking that the tariff be reduced to a revenue basis and they should see that the total revenue raised by the tariff should be used for public pur- poses and not for private gain.

In the Alberta Section of this issue we publish the contract form between the Dominion Canneries Limited and whole- salers who handle the product of this com- bine. The Dominion Canneries is a merger that was formed last year by ‘the absorption of forty-four small companies with the total capital of $1,574,000. The new merger at once capitalized itself at $12,500,000, and upon this ‘‘watered’’ stock dividends must be paid by the people. Keeping this in view, the contract form in the Alberta Section will 4e more easily understood when it is seen that every wholesaler selling the product of this merger must boycott all other eanning concerns and must be pre- pared to advance prices whenever told to do so. In fact the wholesaler is the bond slave of the manufacturer and must come and go as he is told and be ready to cut prices to kill a competitor and advance prices when a monopoly is seeured.” This is one of the beauties of the new economic system that is growing up in Canada.

According to our friends and henefactors —the manufacturers—we should be patriots and use only Canadian made goods. This should apply to one thing as well as another. What would we do about all the things in the home? We would be compelled to deny ourselves all the products of other lands. If the patriotie cry continues some capitalist, whose patriotism exeeeds his wealth, will be wanting a subsidy to work a tea and coffee industry in Canada, by means of im- mense green-houses and by converting part of Canada into a tropical country. If we had coffee for breakfast that cost us $10 a pound we should of course prefer it to the ordinary imported article at 40° cents. Would not our patriotism bubble over as we sipped our coffee? Truly patriotism leads us into strange paths.

We need a tariff for revenue. Then we - should put the same tax on goods manufac- tured in Canada as on those that are imported. By that means—and no other— will we be able to get the entire revenue taken out of the pockets of the people by the tariff.

Every protectionist is a free trader when it is to his advantage to be. Melvin Jones is a free trader in iron and steel, when it goes into his own agricultural implements. But he is a protectionist when it comes to completed implements.

We used to see the manufacturers, with tears in their eyes, talking about the ‘‘infant industries’? whenever there was talk of lowering the tariff. It isa hopeful sign that they are ashamed to present the same argu- ment now.

November Yth, 1910

THE GRAIN GROWERS’ GUIDE

Page 7

New Zealand After Twenty Years of Progress The Two Chief Strongholds of

New Zealand in the Southern Seas, and Switzerland nestling in the heart of Europe, are the two most democratic governments of our time, Just as Ore- gon among our own commonwealths, and Los Angeles among our municipali- ties are the most important examples of democracy in action in this republic, they are the most inspiring and illum- inating experiment stations of democ- racy in foreign lands.

Switzerland during the past fifty years has given to the people practical, efficient and easily operated methods, perfectly adapted to meet the changed conditions of the present and save popular sovereignty or democracy from the latest and most dangerous and de- moralizing form of class-rule—the feud- alism of privileged wealth. In the In- itiative, Referendum and Right of Re- call, supplemented by Proportional Rep- resentation, the people have the simple rules of democracy by which they can peacefully and effectively regain and preserve a genuine government, ‘‘of the people, by the people, and for the people.’’

What Is Democracy?

And just here let us try to fix in the mind of the reader the great point be- tween democracy and a democratic re- public and all forms of class-rule. In a democratic republic the people are the sovereigns. In all forms of class-rule the people, or a large proportion of the citizens are the subjects and not the sovereigns. It matters not what the form of rule may be, whether it be an absolute despotism, a bureaucracy, an aristocracy, a dual government repre- enting the crown and aristocracy, an oligarehy masquerading under the robe of democracy, as in the republic of an- cient Venice; a dictatorship or ‘an offi- cial oligarchy ruling under the title of a republic, as in Mexico today, or a plu- tocracy of the fuedalism of’ privileged wealth operating under the robe of democracy through corrupt tools, politi- eal bosses, mouey-controlled party ma- chines and publie opinion agencies, as in the United States today. In each instanee the real ruling class receives the first consideration and is the sov- ereign power.

The theory on which a democratic republic rests is that the electors are sovereigns; the officials are merely their servants elected to carry out the wishes or desires of the real sovereigns and are at all times subject to their sovereigns or principals. Under all forms of class- rule the officials are the masters of the people, acting either in their own inter- est or that of the class or classes who openly or secretly arrogate sovereign power.

In the Old New England town-meet- ing government we huve an admirable application of genuine democracy. Bos- ton used to direct or order her repre- sentatives in the legislature how to vote; and Samuel adams and others of the early statesmen never tired of re- minding the electorate of the import- ance of always retaining this necessary right of the sovereign.

It remained, however, for Switzerland to adapt the New England town-meet- ing principle to state and national gov- ernment by methods at once simple, practical and orderly, and which also at one sweep removed the grave danger of mob rule or the peril of forcible revo- lution; and wherever these measures have been honestly introduced in a prac- tical way, as in Oregon and Los Ange- les, for example, precisely the same re- sults have followed as in Switzerland. The reign of corruption has been over- thrown, and the people have again be- come the real sovereigns and their in- terests have become paramount; while simultaneously with these practical re- sults there has come a re-awakening of the old patriotism and civic spirit that under corporation and corrupt boss and machine- rule had given place to general apathy.

So to Switzerland belongs the high mead of praise because she has. given to the world methods for at all times preserving in an. efficient manner the sovereignty of the voter or a demo-

cratic government, Switzerland has foryed the tools for the people, by

which they ean preserve and enjoy the priceless heritage of free institutions.

Progressive

Democracy

By B. O. FLOWER, in The Twentieth Century

She was the forge wherein the modern vulean of democracy has shaped the weapons for the preservation of the people’s rule.

New Zealand: A Golden Rule Democracy

New Zealand’s statesmanship during the past score of years has given the world a striking and concrete illustra- tion of a government in which the offi- cials are the true representatives of the people, and where popular rights, the common weal or the development and happiness of all the people, take precedence over the selfish aims of privilege-seeking classes. Here we find, in a larger degree than anywhere else, a government marked by the fraternal- ism of the Golden Rule. With superb courage New Zealand took up the gauntlet cast down by the fuedalism of privileged wealth and oppression, and .proved that public utilities can best be operated by the people’s gov- ernment; that when the great motives for greed, the great sources of corrup- tion, are removed, the interest of the electorate becomes paramount, all the people benefit, and the unjust tributes levied by such irresjonsible modern publicans as the public-service corpora- tions, trusts and monopolies disappear, and in the place of exploitation and oppression comes true prosperity in which industry receives its just reward and the. nation becomes a magnificent illustration of progress based on jus- tice and fraternity.

This is not saying that in this almost score of years of progressive demo- eratie rule New Zealand has solved all

opoly and the dominion of privileged wealth. Monopoly in land, money, tim- ber, shipping and other things, and grossly unjust methods of taxation had brought about a condition graphically described at a later date by Prime Min- ister Richard Seddon when he declared that:

‘«We had soup kitchens, shelter sheds, empty houses, men out of work, women and children wanting bread. This was how we found New Zealand in 1890, It was to be a country where the few were to be wealthy and the many de- graded and poverty-stricken.’’

And Professor Parsons ‘adds, in speaking of the period immediately pre- ceding the advent of the Liberal gov- ernment:

‘«There was plenty of idle land, abundance of idle capital and quantities of idle labor, but these three factors of production could not be brought to- gether because of monopoly—monopoly of Jand, monopoly of capital, and mon- opoly of government by the land and moneyed interests—the greatest mon- opoly of all. . . . From 1885 to 1890, 20,000 left New Zealand; that was the excess of departures over arrivals in that time.’’

The Liberals changed all this and brought about a condition of prosperity rarely known by people of any land. After the Wall Street panic, however, had paralyzed our business and commer- cial activity and exerted its baleful influence on English and other foreign markets, the Dominion felt the effect in the sudden lowering of prices and

A breakdown with Mr. Harper of Springside, Sask. Farm house in background

her problems or has become a full- orbed example of social, economic and political justice, or furthermore that there are no citizens in the Doniinion that are not discontented, but it is saying that she has made rapid and steady progress along the highway of democracy and social justice, and has accomplished al] that can be expected in a like term of years, without the shock of revolution that would have destroyed tens of thousands of lives, and property that could not be replaced in fifty years, while arousing hatred that would outlive the coming genera- tion. Furthermore, in every prosperous land are to be found Tories—reaction- aries and upholders of class-rule or privilege, and these distrust when they do not hate democracy.

The glory that belongs to Switzer- Jand and New Zealand lies in the fact that one land has forged the invisible weapons of democracy to the present struggle, and the other has demonstrat- ed how the key-note of civilized society —union or ¢o-operation—can be so utilized in popular government as to bless, develop and uplift all the citi- zens instead of, as in America, being employed by selfish groups or classes to exploit and oppress the millions and to corrupt government.

Golden Age of Prosperity

When the Liberal or democratie party swept New Zealand in 1890, the nation was prostrated from the blight of mon-

lessening of foreign orders. It was, however, only a slight depression as compared with previous periods of fin- ancial stringency in. New Zealand and other countries, and the wisdom of the statesmen and the power of a nation not cursed by trusts and monopolies to quickly recuperate, were probably never so splendidly emphasized as in the Do- minion of New Zealand during the past year.

“We have recently received through the courtesy of Edward Tregear, Secre- tary for Labor for New Zealand, the last annual report of his department, and it furnishes so striking and suggestive an object-lesson for thoughtful Ameri- cans that we wish to invite the atten- tion of our readers to a brief examina- tion of some of the facts contained therein.

In opening his report to Minister -

Millar, Secretary Tregear calls attention to the depression still felt, but from which the Dominion was already recov- ering,

‘‘In spite,’’ observes Secretary Tre- gear, ‘‘of those who told us that New Zealand was too far distant from the great centres to be affected by the fin- ancial crisis which was marked by the ‘Wall Street ‘Panic,’ that event eradu- ally but surely wrought its effect even in our small and distant community, The shortness of money among our cus- tomers in Europe and America © pre- vented the purchase of our exports, or

rather lowered the ability to give the high prices for them that were obtained in former years so that some millions of pounds less than their estimated income were received by the producers of the Dominion, . . .Nevertheless,’’ he continues, ‘‘the Dominion as a whole has not suffered except by a diminished margin of profit; work and production have steadily proceeded, and if some hundred have been compulsorily idle or precariously employed, still tens of thousands have remained steadily and profitably at work. In some localities pressure from unskilled labor when, on noticeable. Already the times are brightening, exports and revenue are increasing in quantity and value, the harvest promises to be exceptionally good, the prices of wood and. other staples are advancing, and there ap- pears to be every prospect of good times in the near future. Auckland felt some pressure from unskilled labor when, on the completion of the construction- works of the Main Trunk Railway, some hundreds of men came into the town; but other public works were provided and the labor became to a large extent absorbed therein.’’

Such are the facts descriptive of the recent financial depression of New Zea- land about which of late the tainted news mongers have manufactured their amazing hysterical stories in the inter- ests of reaction and the fuedalism of privileged wealth, and for the purpose of frightening, deceiving and prejudic- ing the superficial general reader against the rational extension of demo. eratie government and the pushing for- ward measures for the breaking up of a great politico-commercial oligarchy that is corrupting government, exploiting in- dustry and oppressing and plundering the entire nation. The report of the Seeretary of Labor contains facts and tables relative to the steady growth of factories in New Zealand since the pass- age of the Arbitration and Conciliation Acts in 1895. 2

March of Creative Industry

In 1885 there were 4,109 facturies in New Zealand, giving employment to 29,879 persons. Every year since has been marked by an increase in the num- ber of factories and the persons em- ployed therein. Notwithstanding the fivures for 1909 were taken when New

* Zeuland was under the effect of the

business depression and, indeed, had only just begun to recover from it, we find that in 1909 the number of factor- ies had risen from 4,109 to 12,400, an increase of almost eight thousand fac- tories, or nearly two hundred per cent.; while the number of employees had rizen from 29,879 to 78,848, or an increase of 48,909.

Again take the growth during the last few years. In 1904, for example, there were 8,373 factories employing 63,968 persons, and on March 31, 1909, when the report was made, there were 12,400 giving employment to 78,848 per- sons. Ilere we find an increase in fac- tories of 3,667 and a rise of 14,880 in the number of employees in spite of the fact that business depression was in full force when these figures were obtained.

Wisdom, Justice and Humanism

No government on the face of the earth today evinces in so large degree as does New Zealand the three things that are the hall-marks of true civi- lization—wisdom, justice and human- ism. From the advent of the Liberal government certain great ideals have dominated the statesmen who have rep- resented the people. They have striven to secure for all the citizens the right of the great gift of the Common Father to His common children—the use of the land. They have striven to secure equality of opportunities for all the people, They have adopted and reso- lutely carried forward a policy that has fostered self-respecting manhood and womanhood. The government has made it, its constant endeavor to help the helpless to help themselves. At all times these Liberal statesmen have exhibited a degree of humanism tat is the exact opposite to the soulless spirit of modern commercialism, which prevails wherever property is placed above manhood.

One of the first great works under

Page 8

taken by the Liberals was the re- versal of the old order of taxation, which placed the burdens on industry and a premium on idleness. In 1890 the vast areas of land on every hand were held idle by individuals and rich corporations who planned to earn mil- lions through land speculation, Taxes on this land were nominal, while those on industry were oppressive. The Lib- eral government introduced a system of taxation which exempted buildings or improvements or values added by labor, as well as live-stock and _per- sonal property, the improved value of the land being taxed. And here again the homesteader was favored. On a farm where the land value falls below $25,000 no taxes are paid. The h&av- iest tax falls on the wealthy landlords and the absentees. Here there is a graduated tax, beginning when the improved land values reach $25,000, and rising from one-fourth of a cent on the pound on $25,000 to four cents a pound on the million dollars or more of improved values. And this gradu- ated tax is in addition to the ordinary level rate land tax levied each year, which is two cents on the pound. A little heavier tax is levied on absentee landlords. The natural tendency of this taxation has been to wonderfully increase the number of homesteaders and enormously increase the volume of wealth produced from the land. Where before were vast areas of idle land held for speculation or reserved for grazing, now are scores and hundreds of happy homes, yielding an exsormous output in grains, fruits, vegetables, live-stock and poultry.

The reform of taxation in regard to land and property was supplemented by an income tax on net incomes from employment and net profits from busi- ness, subject to an absolute exemption of $1,500, except in cases of absentees and companies,

Railroads of New Zealand

The railroads ana other public utili- ties, such as telegraphs, telephones, ete., are owned and operated by the gov- ernment for the people. The State conducts them in a business-like way, but the net profits, instead of going as with us, to further swell fortunes already swollen to dangerous propor- tions, are in the case of the railways returned to the people, chiefly in re- duced rates and passenyer service; . while in addition to this they are also made to serve to raise the poor from a condition of dependence to that of independent prosperous citizenship and to greatly further the cause of educa- tion.

It was in 1895 that the railways came under the control of the Liberal gov- ernment, and during the next seven years. the reductions in freight and passenger traffic amounted to $2,350,- 000, ‘‘an amount nearly equul to half the total receipts in 1895.’’ On the eighth of July, 1902, Minister Ward, now Prime Minister of the Dominion,

announced a further reduction of $200,-°

000 a year. This was more than two per cent. of the gross receipts for the preceding year. Commenting on this point, Professor Parsons observes that: “*An equivalent reduction in the United States would mean a concession of thirty million dollars a year to the railway users, but our roads have been increasing the rates in recent years instead of diminishing them, and the average receipts per ton mile and pas- senyer mile have risen.’’

More than this, since the last year of Mr. Roosevelt’s administration, and under his successor, various great trunk and other powerful railway lines in America have by. votes of their diree- tors increased their bonded indebted- ness hundreds of millions of dollars, with no effective protest on the part of the people’s supposed representatives, One of the smallest of these recent in- creases in bonded indebtedness was ac- complished by a vote last autumn of the New York, New Haven & Hartford Railroad, amid the singing of the merry directors and their drinking of high- balls. This vote increased the bonded indebtedness of the road fifty million dollars. Other roads have made much greater increases, that in one instance being $150,000,000, and, if we remember correctly, the increase in the bonded indebtedness of the Burlington after the merger was $300,000,000.

: Continued Next Week

THE GRAIN GROWERS’ GUIDE

The Quarrel

By KATE JORDON

with a cooing accusation, her head turned slightly from him, “and that

66 T

I: quite sure of one thing,” she said,

is— hat I love you so terribly

that it frightens me?’’ He lifted the brown hand that had been playing with the pine needles and gently kissed its every finger. “‘Is that what you’re so sure of Betty?” This as he laid the fragrant palm against his cheek. ‘ Well you're right dear, if that’s it,’’ he said, with a long sigh of peace.

They were in the wonderful, soul- stirring silence of the Adirondack woods. The gold of the evening sky glittered above the pronged trees. Oars and buat cushions that had been carried were lying in a heap near them. She was sitting on the ground against a fallen

pine. His head was resting on her knees. Other people did not matter to them. The wars of nations, political

strife, the discovery of new genius, were all trifles. The world was a ball to be spun to their liking. For they were young and in love, in the exalted yet besotted way that deifies that one fact and cheapens all others.

“But that is not what I meant, Bob.” An excited breath broke on the words.

“Then it must be this—that you’re an angel and in marrying you I'll be rewarded far beyond my earthly deserts.” He smiled up at her securely awaiting a warm contradiction.

Instead, she began running a finger lightly across the line of sun-brown that slashed his brow. ‘‘That’s something like it. Yes, I think that expresses it exactly.”

He laughed and rose to his elbow. “You vain, cheeky thing.’”’ But she looked at him so accusingly that he grew serious. ‘*What’s up? What have I done?”

“It’s what you haven’t done, Robert.”

“Robert?” he echoed. ‘This gets What haven’t I done; Elizabeth

“Don’t,” she said, and frowned.

“Well you look it as you sit there,”’ he teased. ‘Yes, as you put your head up that way and shut your mouth, you’re the living image—for the first time—of your awful, full name.”

“Tt’s all very well to take it so lightly,”

. she said, her gauze sad and _ searching;

“but I’m not keeping things from you. I haven’t had a past, and secrets.”

“Thank God, no,’’ he said, his eyes warm, as he tried to take her hand again.

“But you—you have:”” and the hand he wanted was shot behind her back. “The thing I’m sure of is this—you have not told me everything.”

He remained silent for a moment. “T don’t quite understand you, dear. What sort of things do you want me to tell you?”

He saw she was very much in earnest. Her face set under the light coat of tan, her eyes clouded, the breath strained in her long full throat that rose above the boyish collar of her serge blouse.

“You'll remember the day after I said I'd marry you?” Her dignity bent a little and her voice melted at the memory.

“The day after? Not as well as [ remember the day,” he said, a little reproach in the tone. .

“You told me some things about yourself that day,” she went on hastily, ‘some mistakes in the past that you were sorry for, some foolish things of all sorts— scrapes at college, and all that. I be- lieved that you had told me everything that mattered. I trusted you. I forgave you whatever you had done that was foolish. But—”’ the girlish tone grew surprisingly hard— ‘“‘there are things shut in your heart that I know nothing

He stared at her puzzled, and then laughed softly, as at a memory. He did not see her winch at the laugh.

“That's just what my dad said,” he nodded. -

“And what was the amusing thing your father said?”’

“He treated me to some observations on the sex to which you belong, Betty. ‘My boy’, he said, ‘a woman is the must inquisitive of all living things. Eve begun it, and every mother’s daughter since takes after her. They have an intense curiosity about every slightest thing that in the remotest way touches

the man they love. They are particularly keen about his past. The lady-novelists are responsible for this—lady novelists believe that all men are walking sepul- chres of dead sins.’ said dad. ‘You, my boy, will be questioned about the past. You're only twenty-six and you haven’t done anything very wicked, but you won't be believed. In fact,’ said dad, ‘I'm not sure that you'll be really popular unless you pretend to have some grave faults from which marriage reclaims you as a brand from the burning, because a woman, my boy’ said dad, ‘would rather feel that she had had a hand in reforming a man by marrying him, than marry a Sir Galahad ready-made, who'd give her none of the credit—’

But Betty sprang up and brushed past him, leaving him sitting astonished among the pine needles, staring at her.

“Don’t tell me any more,” she said, her voice shaking. ‘* Your father’s cynic- isms are nothing to me.”

He swung himself up by his wrists and faced her.

“Betty, what’s the matter with you? You’ve been thinking of something all day.’’ He laid his hands on her shoul- ders but she brushed them away.

“Your father was mocking me.’

“Nonsense. That’s just the funny way that dad run on—dear old dad.”

“Yes, runs on—in his club window.”

“Why shouldn't he?” His eyes gave back a flash like thatin her own. ‘‘What’s the matter with his club window? He’s an old man—sixty-two. He’s done with Wall Street, after thirty years there that have left me rich enough to give you to the full what your father has always given you. Why shouldn’t he sit in his club, pray?”

“Laughing at holy things?” the girl demanded. :

“He doesn’t. A woman’s foolish fan- cies are not holy things. A woman’s suspicion is not a holy thing. Her offensive curiosity is not a holy thing.”

“Offensive?” she faltered. “Can any interest I take in you be offensive?”

“Yes.” he said flatly. “If I had secrets that made my marriage to you wrong—secrets that could hurt you or any one else—I’d be no better than a swindler who gets what he wants by appearing what he is not. Nevertheless, you keep doubting me. And as you have started this [ll tell you now that you have done something even worse—you have tried to make me betray other people to you.”

“You are talking in riddles,’’ she said icily. ‘I wish you'd explain.”

“Didn’t you try to make me tell you about why Harry Porter left college, why his engagement was smashed, why he bolted to the Klondike? Didn’t you try to make me tell you all about my cousin Effie—that foolish boy and_ girl love affair of five years ago, and why our engagement only lasted a month? You know you did. But did I put you on this ctl of gridiron about Ted Black, that everyone thought you’d marry?— about Count Feydeau, who followed you from Paris? You know I didn’t. I asked you if you loved me. You did. That was all that interested me. You see, Betty,” he said, his voice very earnest “there are things that should be sacred to each of us. Because I love you shall I cease being a distinct creature, a man who can keep his faith with a friend? Now you know what I mean by offensive curiosity.. Men hate it. They not only hate it, they fear it.”

Bob’s eyes had an unusual look. The boyishness was replaced by a grave mature questioning, as if they gazed past Betty into the long, long years where they were to walk together.

“TL hope,” he said, after a heavy pause, “you're not going to be one of those wives who open their’ husband’s letters quite as if they were their own.”

Betty’s face grew hot. “The wish implies a doubt that’s scarcely flattering.”

‘I’ve heard from older men that some wives are like that.”

“Doubtless they permit their husbands a like privilege, at any rate,’’ she said, her lip curling.

“A man wouldn’t want the privilege, nor enjoy it.”

*Wouldn’t care enough perhaps.

“Would care too much, and trust too

”»

November 9th, 1910

much. Besides, I believe—” and an unthinking little chuckle broke from him— “yes, by jove, I do—that the most im- portant thing women get out of this is a feline sort of enjoyment in reading some- thing not meant for them.”

“She gave him a long, bewildered, scorching look, and, catching up her sailor hat from the fallen tree, went from him so rapidly her skirts made a flurry of undulations about her feet. He left the oars and the boat cushions, and was after her at a light swinging run down the glade of the wood where the lemon- colored glitter poured as if from electrified metal.

“Betty” He reached her and flung one bared, coercing arm about her. “ Darling.”

“Don’t,” she said, wheeling on him. Her face being pale was ghastly in the unearthly radiance. “You despise women, you have betrayed yourself. And I thought you—but no matter what I thought. Your father’s cynicism has not been wasted on you,. You happen to have a fancy for me—that’s what you eall it in your heart, no doubt—but I’m nevertheless a woman—that poor, con- temptible thing. According to your code, and the code of most men, I begin to believe a woman can be laughed at and lied to—”’

“There!” The word was like an imperative touch and stayed her. Bob’s face wascold. ‘Don’t say any more by way of description of me, if you please. I'd like some facts instead. When was I proven a liar?”

“Deception is a lie without speech.” The miserable words had a triumph of a sort in them. ‘You'll have the truth. Yesterday afternoon when you -were wrestling with Allan, a locket fell out of your pocket.”” She watched him closely. “T saw what you. did—heard what you said. You thought I’d gone into the tent—I hadn’t—I'd gone just behind the tree to get some twigs for the fire. I saw the locket fall open. There was a picture in it. Alan tried to snatch it up—you got it first—you kissed it and showed it to Alan, and you laughed as if you’d done something clever. He asked you who it was——you whispered something—then you laughed again and said, ‘Not a word to Betty, old man’ .”

As her words rushed out, he grew intent, quiet. When she flung the last phrase at him with all the contempt of which her voice was capable, his gaze sank from hers to the ground. She waited until his silence became an answer. It was the only answer he could make, she told herself.

“Have you anything to say?”

He smiled a little wanly. ‘ Your instinct was to doubt me at once?”

“Your own words to Alan—” she began, but he continued as if he had not heard.

“Your instinct was to doubt me at once,” he said conclusively.‘ You didn’t think the picture might be yours?”

“How could I? Alan said ‘ Who is it?” Even the big, old-fashioned locket,” she said bitterly, “I'd never seen before.

“You didn’t think it might be my mother’s or my sister’s: you didn't try in some way to reconcile what you saw with your knowledge of me,” he said in musing tone. ‘

“Would I care if you kissed your mother or your sister? You told Alan to say nothing to me. Those words have haunted me, and your laugh. “Oh” she said in a burst of pain, “that’s how men keep pact to cheat women—with a laugh and a wink.”

“That’s all, then,” he said briskly, and yet with apathy. Let’s get back to camp. It’s later than we thought. There, they’re calling us.”

He gave an answering “Hallo”? and started rapidly towards the right. There was nothing to do but follow him. It was a flat denouement to the tragedy in her heart. He had denied nothing— had only sought by a trick to place her in the wrong. She was so angry, so dis- mayed, she grew cold and weak. She did not try to keep beside him. He did not turn his head.

As they neared the white camps and the blazing fire of boughs she weakened. She loved him so much. If he would only speak,—only prove her really wrong, how gtad she would be.

“Bob.” she cailed faintly.

He turned tc her and she saw his face serious ‘and calm. He seemed older— a stranger in a sense. Her own gaze struggled to be still ubstinately proud.

“Bob, if you said what you did to Alan to tease me because you thought I’d overhear-——”

Continued on Page 18

November 9th, 1910

THE GRAIN GROWERS’ GUIDE

Page 9

Direct Legislation

The Initiative and Referendum,

what it is and why we need it

By ROBERT L. SCOTT

There has probably been no time in the history of this country when the need for democratic control by the people of the powers of government was more apparent than at the present moment. Canada, and our Western provinces particularly, are emerging upon a period of expansion unparal- leled in the previous development of the country. Our resources are attracting the envious eyes of speculators, manipulators, promoters and exploiters from all parts of the world. Everywhere people are turning toward Canada as the last great field for “‘investment” and the most at- tractive in the world today. Development is a good thing and capital we need, but let the people of Canada be sure that in the haste for development they do not go too far in extending inducements to capitalists to exploit them. We have had examples of it in the past, and there is now more than ever a tendency on the part of our legislators to barter away coal lands, mining lands, timber lands, agricultural lands, fisheries, franchises and rights of way to large corporations which have no greater interest in the true development of the country than is consistent with the greatest pos- sible dividends on watered stock, stock for which nothing has been paid, which represents no investment and is in fact nothing more nor less than a perpetual charge upon the earnings of the people. It behoves the people of Canada to see that the heritage of the people—all the people, for the natural resources belong to all—is not alienated and given over forever to those who make it their business to bring influences, sinister and other- wise, to persuade our elected representatives to extend to them privileges and subsidies which can be extended only at the expense of the productive portion of the population. How are the people to exercise that vigilance and courage necessary to the preservation of the property of all for the benefit of all? The series of articles to follow will deal with a plan to put the law making powers into the hands of the people, so that they can guard their own property and correct all legislative abuses as they arise.

Direct Legislation, for that is what it is called, is a reform that is inevitable so soon as the people understand it. It is with a view to aiding the people to understand it these articles are written. To get the law- making power into the hands of the people is a reform of first and immediate importance, not that it is important in or for itself, but that it will place a safeguard upon all legislation and open the way to all other reforms so fast as the people are ready for them. When we have Direct Legislation the people can write any law upon the statute books just so soon as they are educated up ‘to the point where they believe in it and will vote for it. Few people aside from those actively associated with public affairs know how hopelessly non-representative our present form of government is. If they did they would be doubly eager to see such an innovation as Direct Legislation adopted. At the present time our governments pass legislation and enactments, adopt measures or fail to adopt them—at their own ca- price—in defiance of public opinion. Then at the election these same governments are returned to power through various influences, chief among which are the patronage system, the partizanship of the electors—and this after all when properly diagnosed is more the result of that admirable in- stinct to stick to your own crowd and help them in the time of need, than from any wanton treachery to true principles. The influence of corpora- tions and the liquor traffic, the bribing and corruption of the electorate no doubt contribute largely to this result, and last and perhaps more im- portant than all other influences combined, is the belief that deep down in the hearts of the majority of the electors that the opposition party is not bona fide in its professions and contentions but take up the opposition, not from a love of truth or better things, but merely for party advantage and with a view to the selfish aggrandizement of the votaries who are faithful in their worship at the party shrine.

Direct Legislation will do away with all this for under it people will vote:for measures and decide them upon their merits. It will disentangle issues from the meshes of partizan bias.

Direct Legislation is the most essential of the immediate items in the program of democratic achievement. Under present economic conditions we can have little better than a travesty upon democracy without it.

What is Direct Legislation? The Initiative:

_ The Initiative is the right of a certain number of the duly qualified voters—eight per cent. in nearly all of the States where it is in operation— to propose a law by means of petition. This proposed law and petition is sent to the legislature and may be enacted according to the ordinary course of procedure. If the members of the legislature do not see fit to do this it is obligatory upon them to submit it to the people to be voted upon not later than the next general election. If it is passed by a majority vote of the people it becomes law upon being signed by the Lieutenant-governor.

It is not necessary, if the legislature should decide that the matter is urgent and of such nature that it is not willing to assume the responsibility of passing it, to delay the submission of any law proposed under Initiative Petition until the next general election. The legislature can order a special general election to pass upon such proposed law upon giving full ninety days’ notice of submission to the people by means of special general election.

This matter-of ‘special elections involves no departure from established custom. At the present time our governments often appeal to the electors before the expiration of their lawful term of office. They order a special election. This is usually done upon the pretext of appealing to the people for endorsement of legislation passed. or proposed. When the practice was established such was almost invariably the case but latterly it has developed very much as a ruse for gaining party advantage through an appeal to the people at the most favorable moment.

Of course when laws are submitted to the people at special elections the proposed law or laws are the only matters voted upon. The members of the legislature serve out their full legal terms as usual unless they choose to take advantage of the polling to have the people pass upon their admin-

. istrative record and either endorse or reject them.

The Referendum:

The Referendum is the right of a certain number of the duly qualified voters—five per cent. in nearly all of the States where it is in operation— to demand of the legislature the submission to the people for final approval or rejection, any law or laws which the legislature may pass. This makes the people the final arbiters of the laws to which they shall submit and under which the country sha!'l be governed and its public institutions maintained and regulated. The Referendum also provides for the voluntary sub- mission to the people by the legislature of proposed laws which may origi- nate with the legislature but for which its members may be unwilling to assume the responsibility.

The Recall:

Direct Legislation consists of The Initiative and Referendum but in many places where they are in operation Direct: Legislation has been supplemented by what is known as The Recall. The Recall is the right of a certain number of duly authorized voters—usually 25 per cent. where it is in operation—in each or any constituency to demand by means of peti- tion that the sitting member of the legislature or other elective officer shall again appear before his constituency for re-election or dismissal. This is done by calling a special by-election in the constituency for which the representative in question is member. This gives the people power to dismiss unfaithful public servants—a precaution that any ordinary business man invariably employs in private business in engaging men to manage his business,

In various American States where the Recall is part of the government- al machinery it has been employed in only one or two instances where there was a flagrant abuse of the trust imposed in the servants of the people. The great advantage of The Recall has been most apparent as a precaution- ary measure. When the people have the power to veto legislation and dismiss the unworthy servant responsible for it the danger of bad legislation and bad conduct on the part of those who under present conditions can misgovern us with impunity is reduced to the minimum. Experience has extinguished the bogey of incessant elections, Where it is in operation it is seldom invoked because cause is seldom given. Political parties don’t fight elections unless there is some hope of winning them. ‘They do not call special by-elections to dismiss publie servants who have been endorsed by the people at the general election ufless some event occurs subsequent to the general election at which the servant was elected and which brings such servant into disfavor with the people. If, as a result of such disfavor for improper conduct or otherwise, such servant is dismissed by the people it is right that he should be dismissed, for he has ceased to be a true repres- entative of the will of the people. No man who believes in Representative Government as distinguished from Popular Government, such as we advo- cate, can possibly take exception to this practice.

The Recall is not an integral part of Direct Legislation, in other words, it is not essential that it be incorporated into the constitutional changes which will be necessary to give us the Initiative and Referendum as part of our government machinery. If the political parties in power in our West- ern Provinces can be persuaded to give us the Initiative and Referendum we can afford to be satisfied. We can get The Recall for ourselves. We can initiate it and if the people approve of it we shall have it. Thisis the means whereby The Recall has been secured in nearly all places where it is in operation.

WITH THE MACHINERY PROVIDED BY DIRECT LEGISLATION AND THE RECALL, WHICH WE CAN SECURE AS A RESULT OF DIRECT LEGISLATION THE PEOPLE CAN—IN DEFIANCE OF THE LEGISLATURE IF NECESSARY, INITIATE GOOD LAWS, REJECT BAD LAWS, OR DISMISS AN UNFAITHFUL OR INCOM- PETENT MEMBER OF THE LEGISLATURE. THIS IS THE PEO- PLE’S POWER. e

TWO STRIKING ILLUSTRATIONS

In 1901 Albert L. Johnson, a legitimate trolley line operator, asked for street railway privileges in unoccupied streets of Philadelphia. He offered 3-cent fares and free transfers. His request was pigeonholed, but a little while afterward the council gave the identical franchises to a gang of

Continued on Page 18

Page 10

HOW TO KEEP HENS FOR PROFIT, By Cc. S. Valentine.—A practical bouk that. will be welcomed by the professional hen keep- ers, as well as by the amateur who desires to make the most of his opportunities, Cloth, post paid 1... ... cee eceeees - $1.66

HOW TO KEEP BEES FOR PROFIT, By Dr. D. B. Lyon.—A practical work in whien the author takes up the numerous questions that confront the man who keeps bees, and deals with them from the standpoint of long experience, Month by month the author guides the inexperienced bee-keeper through the mysteries of handling the first) swarms, housing them in the new hives, extracting and shipping the boney and preparing the wax for the market, The problem of win- tering the bees is considered in due time and the author's directions are so clear, and detniled as to make it seem a comparatively simple matter, No phase of the subject is left untouched and no real problem is left without a practical solution, Cloth, post Paid cveieses Coates oo eds eae Behe Sate $1.66

MANUAL OF PRACTICAL FARMING, By Dr. John McLennan. — The result of scientific research us applied to the com- mon things in agriculture, without the use of technical terms or confusing tables. — It is net so many years aluce the practical farmer looked with contempt upon anyone who endeavored to apply to the task of farming scientific principles and scientific methodical thought. Now the reverse is trae. ‘To succeed in agriculture it has been found necessary to avail oneself of all ex: isting knowledge on the subject. In this attractive volume, which is) illustrated pro- fusely, Dr. MeLennan provides aun enter taining treatise, both for the amateur and the professional, Cloth, post paid at ig

THE COMMON WLEDS OF CANADA, By D. W. Hamilton.—This book provides the farmer with the information necessary for the identification and extermination. of our common weeds, A. section of the book is devoted to the weeds of Western Canada. Cloth, post puid ....... WES Spaiels ...$0.50

THE PRINCIPLES OF AGRICULTURE, By L H. Bailey and others in Cornell Uni- versity. — The introduction explains what Agriculture is, and_ the factors upon which it depends, Part I. treats of the soil, its texture, its moisture, its tillage, and its en- richment. Part II. treats of plants and crops, and of the breeding of plaints and their care, Part IID. treats of the animal stock on the farm; 800 pages, illustrated, Cloth, post paid ........ fb Sietanet eat oo $1.40

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RURAL WEALTH AND WELFARE, By George T. Fairchild.—Discusses agriculture as the chief factor in the production of wealth, Special chapters are devoted to the analysis of forces in the production of wealth, aims of industry, methods of asso-

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AN INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, By Henry C. Taylor.—An examination into ex- isting conditions which assist the modern farmer to consider the cost of production and the price at which he can with profit sell his products. The selection of land and suitable crops; the right size for a farm; animal husbandry; intensity of eul- ture—when and when not advisable; and the principles to be followed in estimating value in farm land and equipments, are some of the more practical subjects treated. Legal aspects of farm tenaney and owner- ship are also considered; 3827 pages. Half Weather ook ce wee Sa eioier ciate eke alata renee $1.36

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SOILS: THE FORMATION, PROPER- TIES. COMPOSITION AND RELATIONS T9% CLIMATE AND PLANT GROWTH IN THE HUMID AND ARID REGIONS, By BE. W. Hilgard.—This very valuable work presents the scientific basis in the charac: teristies of soil for farm practice. It treats thoroughly of the physical and chemical constitution and = processes of the various soils and of the relation these facts bear to agriculture, not only an connection with the humid regions, but also in respect to the arid regions, a field which has been hitherto very much neglected. <A great den! of the matter contained in this book is hased on the anthor’s personal researches: 598 pages. Cloth .......... sabes “aye $4.24

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THE CHEMISTRY OF PLANT AND ANI- MAL LIFE, By Harry Snyder.—Chemistry from the point of view of the farmers. QHOO. Fi nals 6 cde ea hea nes eacee 6 81.88

EXERCISES IN ELEMENTARY QUAN- TITATIVE CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, FOR STUDENTS OF AGRICULTURE, By A T. Lincoln and J. H. Walton, Jr.—A presenta- tion of the fundamental methods carried out in the laboratories ef American experiment stations; 218 pages, 32 figures. Cloth. .$1.63

FERTILIZER: THE SOURCE, CHARAC- TER AND COMPOSITION OF NATURAL. HOME-MADE AND MANUFACTURED FERTILI7ERS: AND SUGGESTIONS AS TO THEIR USE FOR DIFFERENT CROPS AND CONDITIONS, By Edward V. Voor- hees.—This book instructs the farmer upon the fundamental principles of the use of fertilizers, so that he is able to determine for himself what his practice shall be. It is not an advocate for commercial fertilizers, but tells simply and directly the truth re- specting their valne: 855 pages. Oloth $1.38

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IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE: PRIN- CIPLES, AND PRACTICE OF THEIR CUL- TURAL PHASES, By F. H. King.—This book deals in a clear and helpful way with immediate practical protlems from the farim- er's, fruit grower's and gardener’s stand- point, and explains the principles under¢ lying the methods of culture by irrigation and drainage, and their importance in- se- curing results; 502 pages. Illustrated. CLOG os ca es even gees .9-8.5 S.8 aa gunfeiae els 0 5 be OS

PLANT DISEASE, By George Massee.— A familiarity with the general appearances, names and varied modes of attack of the most frequent group of parasites (fungi) will enable the horticulturist or farmer to apply intelligently the preventative ot remedial measures suggested, Prof. Massee is also the author of the important ‘‘British Fungi?’ in four volumes ($2 net a vol.); 475 pages. Illustrated. Cloth ...... $1.75

BACTERIA IN RELATION TO COUN- TRY LIFE, By Jacob & Lipman.—This book gives the intelligent reader and the student of rational view the relation of germ life to the operations of agriculture and to the affairs of the household. It is equally valuable to the suburbanite and to the actual farmer; and it is so arranged as to be adapted as a text book ........$1.67

THE SPRAYING OF PLANTS: A SUC- CINCT ACCOUNT OF THE HISTORY, PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE OF THE APPLICATION OF LIQUIDS AND POW- DERS TO PLANTS FOR THE PURPSE °F DESTROYING INSECTS AND FUNGI, By E. G. Lodeman,—The only complete and historical discussion of this most important subject Full) particulars are given) regard- ing the materials and formulae used in spraying plants for the destruction of in- sects which prey upon them and for the prevention of parasitic fungi; spraying ap- puratus, and = specinl directions are given for spraying cultivated plants, with a chap- ter on the law regarding spraying with poisons; 899 pages Cloth ...... +. 81.33

THE DISEASES OF ANIMALS, By Nel- son S, Mayo.—The author gives advice in a brief and popular manner on the diseases and ailments of farm animals, Tt is a book which will enable those who have the care of animals to detect indications of diseases and to make timely application of the ne- eessary remedies, Lameness in horses is discussed in all its phases; 458 pages. Tl- lustrated. Cloth .....cc cece weescus $1.62

THE FEEDING OF ANIMALS, By Whit- man Howard Jordan.—‘‘A valunble contri- bution to agricultural literature. Not a statement of rules or details of practice, but an effort to present the main facts and principles fundamental to the art of feed- ing animals.’’—-New England Farmer; 450 pages. Cloth, .....cceseeenes Veet ee $1.65

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FARM POULTRY: A POPULAR SKETCH OF DOMESTIC FOWLS FOR THE FARMER AND AMATEUR, By Geo.

C. Watson. — 241 pages. Illustrated. Cloth ..... Potash sb weebte 6/6 F We bere Bie lare $1.42 MILK: ITS NATURE AND COMPOSI-

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November 9th, 1910

DAIRY OHEMISTRY, By Har Snyder. —tThe book incorporates the results of the more important recent investigations in dairying, milk tests, ete. A chapter treats of the influence of different foods upon the

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FORAGE CROPS, By Edward V. Voor- hees.—Deals with the whole subject of For- age in a practical and up-to-date manner. It suggests useful and practical rotations and soiling systems, and gives methods of seed- ing, culture and use. An eminently prac- tical book, loth, .........0...2+.. $921.58

GARDEN-MAKING: SUGGESTIONS FOR THE UTILIZING OF HOME GROUNDS, By L. H. Bailey and others.—Here is a book literally ‘‘for the million’? who in’ broad America have some love for growing things. It tells of ornamental gardening of any range, treats of fruits and of vegetables for home uses. and is useful alike to the owner of a suburban garden plot and to the owner of a ‘‘little place'’’ in the country. The illustrations are copious and beautiful; 417 paged. Cloth: .cccee esis dares «.. $1.67

A BOOK OF VEGETABLES AND GAR- DEN HERBS: A PRACTICAL T:ANDBOOK AND PLANTING TABLE FOR THE HOME GARDEN, By Allen French.—Besides a de- scription of each plant, its habit. value and use, the book contains detailed — cultural directions for growing all vegetables culti- vable in the northern United States, cover- ing the soil, planting distances, times for sowing, thinning and transplanting, fertiliz- ing. picking, winter protection, renewal, storage and the management of diseases and pests, Oloth cu. cecssens sore e eee BL.90

THE PRINCIPLES OF VEGETABLE GARDENING, By L. H. Bailey.—Treuts of equipment and capital, the making of hot- beds, cold) frames and = their management. The soil and its treatment; all about seeds; the layout of vegetable garden and the mar- keting and storing of the produce. After these general matters are fully discussed, the treatment of each vegetable is tuken up; 458 pages. Illustrated. Cloth ......$1.68

THE PRACTICAL GARDEN BOOK, By L. H. Bailey and C. E. Kunn.—A_ book of ad. vice. It contains the simplest directions for the growing of the most common things and for the simple operations of the home = gar- den; 250 pages. Illustrated. Cloth ..$1.08

THE FARMER'S VETERINARIAN, By Charles William Burkett.—This book abounds in helpful suggestions and valuable informa- tion for the most successful treatment. of ills and accident, and disease troubles. A practical treatise on the diseases of farm stock, containing brief and popular advice on the nature, cause and treatment of dis- ease, the common ailments and the care and management of stock when sick. It is pro- fusely illustrated, containing a number of half-tone insert illustrations and a great many drawings picturing diseases, their symptoms and familiar attitudes assumed by farm animals when affected with disease, and presents for the first time a plain, practical and satisfactory guide for farmers who are interested in the common diseases of the farm, Illustrated. 5x7 inches. 288 pnges. Cloths. “Net! (ig saictersa gine cuss o stoincaeuscane $1.50

HOW TO C9-OPERATE, By Herbert My- rick.—A manual for co-operators. This book describes the how rather than the wherefore of co-operation. In other words it tells how to manage a co-operative store, farm or fac- tory, co-operative dairying, banking and fire insurance and co-operative farmers’ and women’s exchanges for both buying and sell- ing. The directions given are based upon the actual experience of successful co-opera- tive enterprises in all parts of the United States. The character and usefulness of the book commend it to the attention of all men and women who desire to better their condi- tion. Illustrated. 850 pages. 5x7 inches. CLOG VR Cowes we tats ste atele a bacetes $1.00

BOOKKEEPING FOR FARMERS, By T. Clark Atkeson.—'T'o which is added the Stock- bridge System of Accounts. The methods outlined in this pamphlet are so simple that any person having a fair knowledge of arith- metic can keep the farm records so that he will know what each product has cost him, and which crop and line of farming is pay- ing the best. 5x7 inches. Paper ...... $ .25

HOW TO HANDLE AND EDUCAT VICIOUS HORSES, By Oscar R. Gleason.— Directions for handling vicious horses, break- ing colts, teaching horses tricks, ete. TIllus- trated. 205 pages. 5x7 inches. Cloth..$ .50

THE PERCHERON HORSE In America, By Col. M. ©. Weld.—The history of the Percherons in America, their increasing popu- larity and influence on the horse. stock of the country, are concisely treated by Col. Weld, while the history of the breed, its origin, systematic improvement, ete, are treated by Mons. Charles du Hays, the most distinguished of French authors writing upon the horse, Illustrated. 142 pages. 5x7 Cloths ot sce patente ae ..$ .50

HOME PORK MAKING, the Art of Raising and Curing Pork on the Farm, By A. W. Fulton.— A complete guide for the farmer, the country butcher, and the = suburban dweller, in all that pertains to hog slaughter- ing, curing, preserving and storing pork product—from scalding vat to kitchen table and dining room. Fully illustrated. 125 pages. 5x7 inches. Oloth ..... eaves 6 O00

inches.

November 9th, 1910

VHE GRAIN GROWERS’ GUILJE

Winter Wheat Experiments

Much interesting and valuable informa- tion is packed into the report recently issued by C. A. Zavitz, professor of field husbandry. Ontario Agricultural College, Guelph, Ont., on the results.of experiments with autumn sown crops conducted at that..college and throughout Ontario. About 265 varieties of winter wheat, have been grown at the college in the past 21 years. All have been well tested for five years; the poorer have been dropped and the better kinds tested further. This year 43 kinds, besides some selections and hybrids were under experiment.

Thirty-one varieties of winter wheat, grown in 1910, have been under experi- ment for at least five years. In the five

years’ test, the highest yield of grain per,

acre of the named varieties have been produced by the Dawson’s Golden Chaff (47.6 bushels) and three other varieties which resemble it closely and which have yielded as fullows:—American Wonder, 51 bushels; American Banner, 50.8 bushels; and Abundance, 48.6 bushels. The highest yields produced by varieties of other types in the five years’ experiment are as follows:—Crimean Red, 44 bush- els; Prosperity, 43.4 bushels; Kentucky Giant, 42,9 bushels; Genesee Reliable,

Barn on Farm of Galloway Bros., Lajord, Sask.

42.7 bushels; No. 5 Red, 42.6 bushels; Early Genessee Giant, 42.6 bushels; Turkey Red, 42.3 bushels; egy plian Amber, 42.2 bushels; and Banalka, 42.1 bushels. The heaviest weights of grain ‘per measured bushel in the five years’ test have been produced by the Northwester, ‘63.7 Ibs.,: Geneva, 63.1 Ibs.; Banatka, 63 Ibs.; Rudy, 63 Ibs.; Genesee Reliable, 63 Ibs.; Egyptian Amber, 62.9 Ibs.;. Ken- tucky Giant, 62.9 Ibs.; Crimean Red, 62.8 Ibs.; Turkey Red, 62.7 lbs.; and Imperial Amber, 62.7 Ibs.

The Dawson’s Golden Chaff produces a very stiff straw of medium length, beardless heads with red chaff and white grain, somewhat soft but about Lhe standard in weight per measured bushel. The Imperial Amber produces a large amount of straw which is somewhat weak, a bearded head with red chaff, and a red grain of average qualily. The straw of the Tasmania Red, Geneva, Kentucky Giant, Turkey Red, Tuscan Island, and MePherson is comparatively weak, but the grain is hard and weighs well per measured bushel.

Of forty-three varieties of winter wheat grown in 1910, the greatest yields of grain per acre were produced by the Grand Prize, 53.6 bushels; Crimean Red, 53:2 bushels; Crimean Red, 53.2 bushels; Banatka, 52.4 bushels; New Perfection, 52.3. bushels; Kharkow, 52.1 bushels; Red Wave, 51.2 bushels; and Buda Pesth, 50.3 bushels; .and the heaviest weights

er measured bushel by the Rudy, 63.3 bs.; Bulgarian, 63 Ibs.; | Nigger, 63 Ibs.; Northwester, 62.9 Ibs.: Farmers’ Friend, 62.8 Ibs.; Kentucky Giant, 62.6 Ibs.; and Michigan Amber, 62.5 Ibs.

From tests in the past three years the bakery department of the college found that the largest loaves of bread from equal quantities of flour were produced

» by the following varieties: —Crimean Red, Banatka, Tuscan Island, Buda Pesth, Scott, Yaroslaf, Kentucky Giant, Tas- mania Red, and Egyptian Amber. These all possess red grain and, with one ex- ception, bearded heads; and with two exceptions, while chaff.

Generally the experiments at the college show that white wheats yield more grain per acre, possess stronger straw, weigh ao little less per measured bushel, are slightly softer in. the grain, produce a more popular pastry flour, and furnish a somewhat weaker flour for bread production than the red varieties.

During the past three years the highest yields of all the winter wheat experiments, both in yield of grain per acre and = of weight of grain per measured bushel,

have been obtained from some of the new kinds, originated at the college either by pure selection or by the aid of cross- fertilization. Some of the most interest- ing hybrids have been obtained by crossing the Dawson’s Golden Chaff with the Tasmania Red, the Buda Pesth, the Turkey Red, the Bulgarian, and the Imperial Amber.

Twelve tests showed an average in- crease in yield of grain per acre of 6.8 bushels from large as compared with small seed, of 7.8 bushels from plump as compared with shrunken seed. and of 85.6 bushels:from sound as compared with broken seed. Seed which was allowed to become throroughly ripened before it was cut produced a greater yield of both grain and straw, and a heavier weight of grain per measured bushel than that produced from wheat which was cut at any one of four carlier stages of maturity.

Winter wheat grown on clover sod yielded much better than that grown on timothy sod. In the average. of eight tests, land on which field peas were used as a green manure yielded 6.5 bushels of wheat per acre more than land on which buckwheat was used as a green manure.

Winter wheat has been treated. to prevent the development of stinking smut. In the average results for five years, un- treated seed produced 4.2 per cent. of smutted heads, while seed immersed for twenty minutes in a solution mide by adding one pint of formalin to forty-two gallons of water produced a crop practical- ly free from smut.

KEEPING BARNYARDS CLEAN By B. J. Lyon

It has always been a source of great wonder to me how any dairyman can expect to produce good milk when his cows are compelled to wade through mud and filth ia the barayard.

Sven if the barn itself is scrupulously clean—which it cannot be if the yards are muddy—the odor arising from a filthy barnyard will offset all the efforts to keep the milk free from odor when it comes from the cows,

There is no one solution to fit all ’barn- yards. Each must be treated by itself and to meet the conditions existing In it. If the vard is situated on a gentle slope, all that will be needed is tile drainage, placed about six feet apart.

Tile will keep any barnyard: perfectly dry, but if there is only an occasional low place in the yard the tiling need not be placed so close together.

Tn some yards a great deal of broken rock, gravel and coal cinders are necessary to keep the ground in good condition. If the ground is black, heavy soil, it may be kept reasonably dry by covering it with these materials.

The first thing to be done is to remove the top soil to a depth of about six inches, then cover the ground with the largest broken rock. This may be in pieces of from two to five inches in diameter. Large pebbles are excellent for this pur- pose, as they allow the water to drain perfectly from the surface.

The layer of large rocks or stone should be thoroughly tamped down with a heavy tumping-iron or rolled with a field roller.

The second layer should be a little smaller and the third very fine crushed stone. The last layer may be mixed with cinders which make a hard surface and if it is properly levelled off can after a time cnaily be scraped with an iron or wooden

ve.

Of course the ideal barnyard is one made of crushed rock and cement, but this is quite expensive and is hardly necessary. With a clean dry yard surroundiag the dairy barn the milk can be kept in perfect condition, as it is not a difficult matter to remove every particle of manure or mud from the yard every day.

I once saw in Pennsylvania a dairy

. consisting of 60 cows, where the barn yard

wus as clean as the floor of the barn it- self. The barn floor was cemented, but the barnyard was finished with crushed stone and cinders, cement having been mixed with the top layer, and all well smoothed off. Two men with -wooden scrapers with a surface of about two feet pushing them before them, cleaned up this yard thoroughly in 30 minutes twice a day. This was equal to two hours of one man’s time; but the dairyman said he thought it time well spent, as he never could produce milk absolutely free from odors until he had fixed his barnyard as described.

‘Page 1)

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Page 12

THE GRAIN GROWERS’ GUIDE

Farm and Field

ERADICATION OF WILD OATS

The eradication of wild oats yearly eosts the government and the farmers ot the West thousands of dollars. In many of the older districts of the prai- rie provinces large fields of grain are vach year plowed dewn because of the wild oat scourge.

The wild oat is a weed that is diffi- eult to kill, as unlike most noxious weeds the seed that ripens in the fall will not germinate till the following spring.

In regard to farms that have become polluted with wild oats it is almost an utter impossibility for the farmer to crop his fields in the usual way; he must give his land over to periods of unproductiveness and seek to get the upper hand of the situation by con- tinual plowing and cultivating, never

allowing the oats to ripen till he has exhausted the supply of wild oat seed in the soil.

In the newer farming districts of the West where the wild oats have care- lessly been allowed to get into the soil through the sowing of dirty seed or by the farmer allowing uncleaned separa- tors to pull on to the farm, there is a fair chance of getting rid of the pests by a little systematic farming.

The big thing is to get the crop started ahead of the wild oats in the spring so as they will be choked out; and to do this the wild oats must first be allowed to start and then killed by cultivation, immediately after which the fields must be sown so as the crop will get a start of the wild oats that may be deeply buried in the soil and take time to germinate.

A plan that has been successfully

carried out by a prominent farmer in Manitoba, whose fields became tuintea with wild oats, is to plow the land in the fall and pack and harrow the sume so as the soil will be in a good condition for early germination in the spring. The surface oats will spring up quickly the ensuing season, and after they are nicely out of the ground the dise is put into use, and if the work is properly done every oat shoot will be destroyed.

The dise has been tried by many farmers for killing wild oats in the spring and has proved the most success- ful, as it shifts and covers the whole of the ground. The spring-tooth culti- vator or the duck-foot cultivator do

not bring about the desired result, as many of the plants slide past the teeth and are not destroyed.

After discing, however, the soil can

be sown with wheat or oats and a clean crop may be harvested in the fall.

If the farmer is under the impression that his land is rather badly polluted with wild oats a capital plan is to dise the first growth and then let the land stand for a time, and redise, after which the ground may be sown to barley or rye.

ROTATION OF CROPS

J. A. Chapais, Assistant Dairy com- missioner for the Dominion government, in his report of the conditions existing in Manitoba for the past year, advises the following system for the eradica- tion of noxious weeds and fertilization of the soil:

‘‘Having spoken of mixed farming and cattle raising as a necessity of the Manitoba farmer if he wishes to retain the fertility of his land and to get rid

The Alberta Government Exhibit at the Dry Farming Congress, Spokane, Washington, 1910

of weeds, I must now say a word about the rotation to follow in order to es- tablish this system of farming on the land.

‘*A rotation for the eradication of weeds always means a short rotation of about four years. Supposing that we have to apply a regular system of ro- tation to a piece of land infested with sow thistle, we would begin to work it as early as possible in the spring, plowing, harrowing, cultivating, roll- ing, plowing again, and then seeding heavily with vetches, pease and oats at the end of June or the beginning of July. I would use that as green fodder enough in the fall to be able to plow and harrow before the frost comes. That would be for the first year of the ro- tation. The following spring I would sow wheat with clover and timothy. The third year I would grow a crop of hay and afterwards have the meadow grazed by cattle and sheep till the frost came. The fourth year I would again keep the animals on the pasture and would, early in the fall, plow, harrow, cultivate and give a second plowing before the frost eame. I do not think any weeds would survive such a treatment.

‘‘With that system there is no bare following; that is to say, there is no year without a crop; we would avoid frittering away and exhausting the soil by too frequent summer fallowing; we raise less wheat, but we have an abun- dance of feed for dairy cattle and sheep, and we have veal, mutton, butter or cheese, wool and grain to sell, and some wheat, with the satisfaction of living on clean, fertile land that will retain its cleanliness and fertility for years. Such a system is, we think, worth trying.’’

THE BLACKSMITH SHOP The blacksmith shop should be on every farm and the owner should be skilled to a certain extent in the art of using the various tools. The farmer who has a shop with a bellows and anvil

November 9th, 1910

can do many a job that would otherwise necessitate a trip to town.

Now that the winter is approaching and the farmer has leisure on his hands he would do well to build a small shop and during the long winter months ac- quaint himself with the use of the hammer and the anvil. The shop will furnish am excellent school for the farm boy, who in a short time will become quite proficient. in making articles of use on the farm. Many farmers of the West have become expert. blacksmiths and do all, or nearly all, their own work, even to horse-shoeing. Though these farmers are probably an exception to the rule, there is nothing to hinder any man sharpening his| own plow- shears, mending broken pieces, of ma- chinery, and doing scores of little things about the farm. Many an article yoes to waste on the farm simply because of some trivial breakage which the farm boy could readily fix if the farm were provided with a shop.

As a boy, on the farm, I spent most of my spare time during tue winter in the blacksmith shop and fashioned many useful articles for use as well as. re- pairing broken implements.

The blacksmith shop will keep many a boy on the farm, while in others it may develop the latent talents of a practical machinist. It furnisnes recrea- tion from the daily routine of doing chores on the farm and employs the time of boys who would otherwise be idle because of their having no place to go.

_ If you have a weanling colt that you expect to be a prize-winner at the fair next year, let him have a box stall all by him- self. Many colts are injured by being fed and stabled with old horses.

If you would really know how an un- blanketed horse feels after violent exercise in cold weather, take a brisk run of a mile or so, then stand without an overcoat where the cold wind will strike you for half an hour.

November 9th, 1910

THE GRAIN GROWERS’ GUIDE

The = Dairy

Dairying, the leading industry allied with farming in the East is advancing in the West. Its progress has been constant and rapid. Organizations and associa- tions have sprung into existence with the purpose of controlling local interests and safeguarding general ones. Super- vision and inspection have tended to prevent adulteration, and to keep the average quality of the supply up to the standard.

Apart from the influences of these are companies whose object it is to dispense milk and cream of absolute purity and many of them have built up a reputation so that their certified or guaranteed milk is widely sold, and by it a high standard is forced upon the trade at large. In this case as in many others competition does more than legal enact- ments to maintain proper conditions.

However, rapid as the growth of the dairy business has been in the West, the large increase in production west of Lake Superior is not as yet sufficient to meet the increased demand and heavy shipments of butter and cheese are being made from Ontario and Quebec to supply the shortage.

Two things are yet necessary in the West before the dairy business will be in its proper plain; these are a better dairy strain in the farm herd and a proper cold storage system established throughout the West. The cold storage warehouse enlarges the market for perishable pro- ducts;. and it is after all, the law of supply and demand which is the most important factor in regulating prices. Without the. cold storage warehouse there is enormous waste of perishable products, still further reducing the supply, which can only have one effect on the cost of these articles to the consumer. The cold storage industry benefits both the producer and the consumer by work- ing to prevent alternate periods of glut and scarcity accompanied by unprofitable prices at one time and exorbitant. or prohibitive prices at the other extreme,

That a better strain of dairy cattle in the farm herd is needed was manifested at the country fairs held during the past season. The country fair is the only true place for getting at the quality of the farm cattle; at the large fairs, those who make a speciality of breeding pure- bred cattle exhibit their herds and one is liable to gather from them too high an impression of the farm stock: The big fairs are excellent for letting the farmer see what can be accomplished in live stock raising but the small country fair reveals the conditions as they really exist amongst the farming centres as a whole. At many of the country fairs this year in Manitoba the judges re- marked»at the absence of good. dairy cattle in the farm herd. A number of splendid beef types of cattle were shown, but even the dairy grades were not up to the standard that they should have been.

There is need for a big improvement in the dairy strains of Western cattle and it is gratifying to note that farmers are beginning to realize this. The sales of Holstein-Friesian cattle whicn were held this year will do much to place dairy business on a firm footing in the West.

CLEANLINESS IN THE DAIRY

One prime requisite in making good

butter on the farm is a clean sanitary,

milk for the starting-point. If milk has once become tainted or bad flavored, the effects of it cannot be overcome, however careful one may be in after treatment of the butter.

In order to produce a clean milk it is necessary to have as clean producing conditions as possible.

This does not mean that the cow must be given a bath before each milking, but that. reasonable cleanliness must be maintained. ‘The cow naturally is a clean animal and will keep herself quite clean. But one should see that the milk-pails and other tinware are cleaned daily, that the milker is not dirty with his milking and that the stable is as free from dirt, dust and cobwebs as possible.

The most thorough way to clean tin- ware is to first wash in a liberal amount of lukewarm water containing some good washing soda, using clean, firm rags,

then scald all the parts in boiling water and leave them exposed in the sun until ready for use. Care must be taken to wash out all crevices in the tinware, where the bails are fastened to the pails and wherever milk or dirt can. find a lodging-place.

The milker should keep himself clean, and it is a wise plan to have a regular milking suit which may be hung in the barn from one milking to another. An overjacket and a pair of overalls answer the purpose fairly well.

The stable should be kept as clean as is practicable. A coat of whitewash on the ceiling and walls helps. wonderfully. Whitewash lightens a stable, makes it sweeter, purer and is a good disinfectant. It can be put on some rainy day and it costs practically nothing. Overhanging cobwebs are not only unsightly, but actual holders of contamination. It is hard to keep the stable entirely free from webs, but a guod coat of whitewash will largely solve the difficulty.

All odors should be reduced as much as possible, because milk very readily absorbs these and imparts them to the butter. Good ventilation is essential and the manure-pile ought to be a safe dis- tance from the milking quarters. It is better to haul it direct from the stable to the field where it is to be spread, especially during the summer months when fermenta- tion is more active. The floor should be of concrete.or very good under drainage established. Oftentimes when the floor is not very tight, the liquid manure will seep down through the cracks and collect under the floor.

When the cow comes from the pasture she is generally reasonably clean; but in the stable, being held in the stanchion, she cannot keep herself as clean as she does when at liberty, and the milker should try to get her as free from dirt as she would naturally keep herself. In some dairies the practice is made of washing the udders and flanks before each milking and stretching a chain under the cows to prevent their lying down; but this precaution, though desirable, is hardly practical on the farm where no extra fancy price is received for the product. If the milker brushes off the udder and hind quarters very carefully and milks with clean, dry hands into a clean pail, there is little harmful con- tamination. The milking should be done quickly, but thoroughly, and the pail held between the knees rather than set onthe floor, where the cow is more liable to get her foot in the pail or kick dirt into it.

The Gurler bau

Ordinary tin milk-pails are most gen- erally used in the stable. What are known as the Gurler sanitary milk-pails are preferable and as cheap in the end, as they are built stronger and will last longer than the ordinary milk-pail. The pail has about the capacity of others, but the top is partly covered, leaving a small circular opening where the milk enters. The cover device holds a strainer consist- ing of absorbent cotton between. shects of gauze. This keeps all loose dirt out of the milk and is very little more trouble than the ordinary kind. The milk should be strained soon after being drawn and not allowed to set unstrained until time for separating. A desirable way of straining is to use a forty-quart can for storage-room and procure a regular strainer for this can, into which the milk from each cow is poured. It needs no further straining before being separated.

Extreme care should be exercised in handling the milk if there is any con- tagious disease, such as typhoid fever, on the farm. The person who milks or takes care of the apparatus should not take care of the sick. If absolutely necessary to combine nursing and dairy duties, separate clothes should be had for each work and the hands washed in

“the best of us.

a solution of creolin or other disinfectant. The pails and tinware should be sterilized very thoroughly and no chances taken.

Another Sanitary Pail

With all the improvements of dairy conditions of late years there has been comparatively few dairymen using a strainer top to protect the pail during milking. A strainer that fits and covers the pail will collect a quantity of hair and dust, with other matter that one can hardly tell the origin of, that will surprise All the filth thus kept out would scarcely be observed if milking into an open pail.

The accompanying diagram shows a protecting. cover which is used by a number of dairymen. The rim surround- ing the hole in the centre of the top decreases the area of the opening of the pail and keeps out some dirt without dis- commoding milking. All the milk passes through the strainer (S) which is made of fine brass wire. This top can be made by an ordinary tinsmith to fit into the size of pail used, and it is easily cleaned. The milk gets a second straining at the house.

AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION WORK

The plans for the extension work of the Saskatchewan college of agriculture dur- ing the coming winter are assuming defi- nite form. More than two hundred meetings for farmers, many of them in connection with seed fairs, will be held at points within the province during Decem- ber and January. The grain judges and speakers for these meetings include Dean Rutherford, Prof. Bracken and_ Prof. Willing of the teaching staff of the college, A. F. Mantle, deputy minister of agriculture, Arch. Mitchell, assistant superintendent of tree planting, Indian Head, F. H. Reed, Saskatchewan repre- sentative of the Dominion seed branch, as well as the following well known farmers: Thos. Brown, Regina; George P. Campbell, Ellisboro; R. R. Carter, Fort Qu’Appelle; R. E. Drennan, Canora; George Harvey, Indian Head; W. A. McCorkell, Moosomin; W.A. Munro, superintendent experimental farm, Rosthern; A. J. Quigley, Sintaluta; A. P. Stevenson, Dunston, Manitoba; John Scharff, Hartney, Man., and George L. Smith, Saskatoon.

The time is opportune for discussing the important and intensely practical questions which they will ask the farmers to consider with them at these meetings. Briefly they are “Horse Breeding,” “Better Cultivation,” ‘Better Homes.” The college of agriculture wants the farmers of Saskatchewan by raising their own horse: to save the million or more dollars that they send out of the country annually. The importance of using good seed has been amply demonstrated and farmers now admit the value of such advice. This question, however, will not be forgotten; but renewed energy will be used in an endeavor to induce & better and more intelligent use of the ordinary implements of tillage. The home, both the foundation and the keystone of our country’s greatness, will be: considered and advice will be given in regard to beautifying the rural homes. Other questions will be considered - but these are the ones which will be generally discussed. Miss Lillian K. Beynon (“Lillian Laurie’? of the Manitoba Free Press) will address gatherings of women at a limited number of places along the main line of the C. P. R. She will discuss the need and means of co-opera- tion of women in improving home surround ings. This is the first time a lady speaker has been engaged in this form of agricul- tural work in Saskatchewan.

The meetings arranged by the college serve an extremely useful. purpose, and are a means of contributing new light on these old problems and of reviving inter- est which has been allowed to flag.

Capt. C. E. Peary, of Polar fame, has returned to his duties in the U.S. navy after a leave of absence of ten years. It is said that efforts will be made at the next session of Congress to have him made a rear-admiral.

‘Page 13

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SEYMOUR HOTEL

Farmers from the Three Provinces make it their headquarters when visit-

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JOHN. BAIRD, PROPRIETOR

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Free Bus from all Trains

Page 14

The

THE PERCHERON

Yearly the Percheron horses are rapidly gaining in popularity with the farmers of the West. Each successive year shows a larger entry list of pure breds at the summer and winter shows. At the last Winnipeg fair the showing of Percherons was almost as large as that of the Clydes- dales. However, a large number of the entries were from across the border, where the breeding of pure bred Percherons is extensively carried on.

Perhaps it is the great interest taken in the breeding of pure bred Percherons in the United States that has given an added impetus to the raising of these horses in Canada. The American settlers who have

passed into the West during the past five years have, in a large measure, been re-

Black Percheron Stallion “Tampis,“ the property of John Crawford, Trapella that he

sponsible for the growth of the Percheron business amongst our farmers.

Though there has been an increased interest taken by Western farmers and breeders in the raising of Percherons,. it does not mean that the Percherons are bound to take the place of the Cy deadates: The Clydesdale is essentia!ly a farm horse and wil always have its place where heavy work is concerned; but having so much road work to do in the West the farmer is finding in the Percheron the stamp of horse that is required, and is stocking his farm with the two. breeds, the Clydesdale for the plow and the Per- cheron for the road.

FEEDING BROKEN-WINDED HORSES

For running horses, green food cannot be used. It makes the animal soft, but it may be fed to advantage to winded horses of slow draft. When that is done, it should be given in a fresh, succulent state; rye, vetches, etec., being fed before the seed begins to ripen, else it loses its digestive qualities, and a few roots or prioe with dry grain make a good winter ced.

In fact the principle to be recognised is to feed little and often, to avoid long fasts, and if it is necessary to work im- mediately after feeding, lo go easily at first. Watering, too, should be attended toas well as the food, and long drinks when the horse is thirsty, avoided.

It is a good plan to keep a bucket of water in a corner of the manger, so that it can be taken when desired, if dry food is given, and in this way seldom will excess be indulged in.

When succulent green food is given. of course there is not the same need for water. A little tar in the water may be found beneficial, and the animals soon begin to take it readily. A ball made of tar and tallow is greatly favored for broken-wind, if there is any sign of distress.

Cool, weil ventilated stalls or boxes are of the utmost importance, as the animal should have as much pure air as possible. Where the air is viciated by the emana- tions of excretions and the breathing of companions and the oxygen largely used up. the disease is linble to be aggravated, and the affected animals should be regular- ly exercised.

Long spells of rest in the stable, followed by excessive spells of work, only. serves to uggravate the complaint. Good “hard” condition is what is wanted,

THE GRAIN GROWERS’

Horse

and this can only be had with frequent exercise, or, when the horse is idle, a free run in the field.

Above all, constipation should be avoided, and the digestive organs care- fully watched. A simple laxative like linseed oil may be used if necessary, but an oceasional linseed or bran mash w'll fulfil the same purpose; but linssd washes given too frequently are liable to make the animal tvo soft and induce excessive sweating.

Such precuations may not cure, but they greatly reduce the original cause of the ailment and modify the trouble.

Ordinarily medicines are not of much use, but where there is distress from ex- cessive work an overload stomach, con- stipalion, a hot stable, or close, muggy weather, a sedative may be given to temporary relief.

NOTES

A good way to break a puller isto rig up a rope halter of three-quarter inch new rope, with a loop under the jaw, so that the loop will draw around his nose, fasten him to a stout post and

let him pull. The rope around the nose’ should _ be

wrapped with cloth, to prevent abrasion of the skin. When the youngster finds can not

break the rope or pull up the post, he will give over.

The man who is in the habit of ‘selling his horses in the fall to avoid the expense of keeping them in the winter, and buying new animals the following spring, will find if he keeps books on his transactions for five years, that he saves no money, and is constantly working at a disadvantage with new horses.

Horses always bring. higher prices in the spring than in the fall, because many men sell in the fall, having no use for their teams during the winter, and the farmer who has good animals-to dispose of at spring prices, is the one who reaps the benefit.

Never buy a horse for family use, where the women folk are to drive him, without at least one week's trial. If he is put through all his paces and sent up against steam-engines and other scar things. he will develop his good or bad faith in that time.

The hardest work any farm horse ever performed was to furnish power for the old fashioned, horse-killing threshing ma- chine. The gasoline engine has stopped

that species of cruelty.

Ifa mule is properly trained, he will not develop the kicking habit any more than a horse will. Mules have a bad name on this score, simply because they are not as well broken as horses are.

Every colt should be taught a fast walking gait. This can be done by gently pushing him while walking, but he should never be urged too long at a time before changing his gait.

Where a number of horses are kept in the same barn, the sides of the stall should be low enough to allow them to see one another, as all hors:s love company.

A curry-comb is not often used in a stable where horses are really well kept— the brush and cloth are usually sufficient.

Tt is cheaper to buy good halters than to puy the damages resulting from a run- away.

One seldom sees a vicious horse that is bad by nature. He is usually spoiled by his trainer in his youth.

GUIDE

FOUNDED A.D. 1710

November 9th, 1910

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To investors Edson today presents an unequalled opportunity, and is attracting

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who put off closing at once will be too late to buy at the present low prices and easy

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It is only our property

that is now being sold at the original low prices and easy terms, and there are only

a few lots left unsold in this popular subdivision.

prices will have to act at once.

Those who want to get in at present

Our prices are from $50 to $75 per lot with only

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W. A. CAMPBELL

Write or call for full particulars about Edson, the coming Commercial and Industrial City of Northern Alberta.

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In order to better introduce and advertise ourselves and our pianos we have decided’ to sell to any person resident in Western Canada, where we have no resident Agent, your choice of any of the 40 styles of Pianos and

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ABSOLUTELY WHOLESALE’ PRICE

freight prepaid, tu any address in the Provinces of Manitoba, Saskatche-

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we will ship the piuuo of your own choice on approval and if not satisfac tory to you after fair trial we will gladly take the instrument back without argument or expense to you of any kind. Lf, however, you are perfectly satisfied, we will arrange convenient terms of payment with you, extending same over a period of 1, 2, or 3 years if necessary.

Our wholesale prices being priv ate and confidential, we do not publish them through the Press, but on bearing from you we will gladly furnish you with catalogue, literature, prices, terms and any other information you may

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November 9th, 1910 THE GRAIN GROWERS’ GUILDE

The Very Look of these Big Coats

SPEAKS FOR WINTER COMFORT

They provide just the kind of backing a man needs who has to be out in all weathers. Bundled up inside one of these coats it makes little difference how sharp the air or how biting the wind. And it’s a good idea to get your coat early in the season for even now the days are cold and a long drive warrants a heavy winter coat. Just now our stocks are complete and those who order early have the advantage of preferred selection. There is an undoubted ad- vantage in buying furs at Eaton’s. Every purchaser has the assurance that he is getting the greatest possible value at the price. Eaton Coats, most of them, are made in our own factories and sold direct to our customers at one price and subject to but one profit. Every buyer of an Eaton Coat has the further assurance of guaranteed quality.

Page 16

15D127.—This Special Raccoon Coat will surpass anything ever seen before at this price, it,is made from fine quality full furred raccoon skins, carefully matched and sewn, has a deep storm collar and is lined with a fine quality Italian cloth, heavily quilted. Mohair barrel loop fasteners, good wide shoulders and full skirt. This is a special price with us and we find it to be one of the most satisfactory lines, we carry and one of the largest sellers. Sizes 36 to 48, 52 72 50 PGMS TONG ie 6.. Si ce acdis aie sapped 0 .

Be sure to give chest measurement when ordering

15D129.—Raccoon Coat at a very low price, made of densely furred skins, free from pieces, fine Italian lining, barrel fasteners, deep storm collar. You will find this coat to be more than you would expect in make, style, finish and quality. Sizes 65 00 36 to48. Price ss

15D144.—Men’s Fine Australian Swamp Wallaby Coats made from fine pliable pelts, well furred, of a greyish brown color. . It is lined with strong Italian lining, with deep storm collar and is one of the best wearing coats to be had at the price. 28 00 | Sixes 36 to48. Price ............ 7

Every Coat is sold subject to the most careful inspection on arrival and if not satisfactory may be returned at

our expense when, the purchase price and all charges will be refunded.

° ee The Fur Coats priced on this B page are but a few of the seasonable values to be found in The Eaton Catalogue. A copy of the Catalogue will be

sent free of charge to any

:: address on request :: :

This coat is unequalled at the price, it is made from full furred skins, even color, carefully matched and strongly sewn, lined with heavy Italian cloth, deep storm collar, double stayed barrel buttons, good roomy skirt and wide

15D126.—Our $50.00 Raccoon Coat.

shoulders. A coat of great merit and worth far more than what we are asking.

Length 52 inches. Sizes 36 to 48. 50 00 PGB iiss Se aregeae «Taine \

15D141.—Men’s Indian Buffalo Coats made from brown densely furred pliable skins, carefully matched and sewn, high rolling shawl collar and a well finished coat in

every way, just the kind a man wants when driving. Sizes 36 to 18. 0

AS. Price 6h ee Sat. eae ee aS

Be sure to give chest measurement

¢T. EATON C2...

CANADA

WINNIPEG

15D142.—Men’s Black Galloway Coats made from fine quality oil tanned kip galloway skins. The, kip furs are the young animals, the leather on these being softer and much more, desirable than the older. It is lined with#a strong mercerized sateen, finished with .deep storm collar, barrel ¢¢ and loop fasteners. Sizes 36 to.48. 29 00 PCE kk a ae : Be sure to give chest measurement

15D140.—Men’s Bulgarian Lamb Coats made from good large skins, making fewer seams. The lining is heavy black Italian cloth, quilted, barrel loops and fasteners. You will find this coat suitable for all kinds of hard wear. Sizes 36 to 48. 21 50 Price seks ic a ROPE CG sg?

Be sure to give chest measurement

15D143.—Men’s Black and Brown China Dog Coats made from specially selected evenly furred skins, has large storm collar and is lined with strong black Italian cloth, barrel and loop fasteners. It is a hard wearing, good appear- ing coat at a small price, and one of our most popular lines. Sizes 86 ] 8 50 to 48. Price :

Be sure to give chest measurement

Cr ee

THE GRAIN GROWERS’ GUIDE

a problem or offer suggestions. letters received, and as. possible. necessarily for publication, those of The Guide.

REPLY TO SENATOR JONES

The following is the reply of John Evans, of Nutana, Sask., to the letter of Senator Melvin Jones, president of the Massey-Harris Company, published in Tue Guine of October 19.

Hon. Melvin Jones, President Massey-Harris Co., Toronto.

Dear Sir:—Your letter to hand some days ago: In reply I beg to say that I am glad you have descended to the level where it was necessary for you to stand, in order to make a reply to my letter of Aug. 3. I am glad you have seen fit to do so as it is a matter for the Grain Growers’ Association at large, and I may say here that the statement regarding the price of your binders in England is not my statement at all, but I willingly took it up on behalf of the association ut the instance of the manager of your North Saskatchewan branch house at Saskatoon.

You say you are in a position to absolutely substantiate the statement you made in the Senate on Dec. 2, 1909, but in quoting from that speech for your letter; you conveniently leave out the words “not even in free trade England.” The fact that your binders are sold 15 per cent. higher in all foreign countries—‘ England included—is not the issue at all. Let me remind you, that the argu- ment is, that because of high yprotection, you can sweat the home consumers while abroad you can adjust your prices to meet all comers. You have entirely begged the question by leaving out the words, “not even in free trade England.” The statement regarding the price of your binder in my letter of Aug. 3 is absolutely correct and a sworn statement to that effect can be got if it is needed. It was obtained from the largest imple- ment dealer in Herefordshire and is absolutely reliable.

You say that fore carriages are not sold. in England. Well, all I know is the: above implement dealer quoted a price ‘on it £1.16.0 extra. It is strange that he quotes a price on it if he does not handle. it. And since the price quoted is £1.16.0 it must be at least as good as the one furnished to Canadian farmers as the one we use is certainly not worth any more. However further information on these points will be forthcoming. In the meantime I believe the informa- tion furnished me by my Hereford correspondent to be entirely currect. Even if you are right regarding the freight cost of delivering a binder in England to be $7.90 less than to Saskatoon, Canada, you tell us what accounts for the rest’of the difference in price. You say that “England should not be the country selected for a discussion of this

uestion as the number of binders sold there is very small as compared with

other countries.”” I thought it was always a maxim in trade that manufac- turers could sell cheapest where large orders were given. . Therefore because of

England using few binders the price should be higher whereas it is much lower. Free trade England is always a bogey to. protectionists. In 1896 Sir Wilfrid Laurier said we were to work

radually towards free trade as they fave it in England; but to-day under the ad valorem system of levying customs more.duty is drawn from the same article, than was the case before the Free Trade party came in power.

I did not challenge your statement regarding the quality of your implements, and I believe you only refer to it again to side-track my arguments regarding the price. As far as I know the quality of

NOTICE TO CORRESPONDENTS

This department of The Guide is maintained especially for the purpose of providing a discussion ground for the readers where they may freely exchange views and derive from each other the benefits of experience and helpful suggestions. Bach correspondent should remember that there are hundreds who wish to discuss We cannot publish all the immense number of that each correspondent will keep his letter as short as Every letter must be signed by the name of the writer,

though not

The views of our correspondents are not of necessity The aim is to make this department of great value to readers, and no letters not of public interest will be published. e

Massey-Harris implements is unsurpassed but a great deal of United States machin- ery is sold in Saskatoon. No, I did not personally believe that your binders were offered at $75 or that $40 covered the cost of production and that is the reason the statements did not appear in THe Guinpe. I may say that neither of the statements were made by me personally and I gave them to you at what they were worth. But, Mr. Jones it is not so absurd after all as you would have us believe, as an 8 ft. binder in the United States can be placed f.o.b. at point of shipment for less than $50. Please refer to the editorial on your letter in Tue Guipr, Oct. 19, page 5, 2nd column. It can be produced cheaper in Canada and for this information I refer you to Tue Guipe of Oct. 5, page 5. [am sorry such statements kept you so long from replying. Perhaps now you. will give us some more information on these points, You say that my statements about “privilege” are made without knowledge or regard to facts. Surely one need not be acquainted with the tariff schedules of the whule world to know the effect of protection on prices in our own country. As regards the protection part of it you may be right but that is only half the “privilege,” the other part you do not

tage to existing industries, and industries that should with great advantage grow up in our own country.” The “advan- tage’’ you speak of is for the manufactur- ers, is.it not? The great consideration you speak of regarding the farmer and the tariff by politicians, has not been, sir, “How can we lighten his burden?” but “how much more bleeding can the oor devil stand?” You, sir, for one fave been a party to the bleeding process. You say you are not a high tariff advocate but you are ‘entirely in favor of raising the necessary revenue by tariff.”” What about the drawback? | Sir Wilfrid Laurier once said that for every dollar raised by protection that goes into the Dominion treasury, two or three goes into the pockets of the manufacturers. It is easy to see why you advocate the raising of the necessary revenue by tariff.

You are evidently against reciprocity with the United States for the reason that we are dependent on that country for our iron and steel and lumber. A most absurd statement it seems to me in view of the great resources of our own country. The Dominion Iron & Steel Co. has been able to cut prices against the whole world on steel rails. You are right, the farmers of Canada are quite willing to pay their fair share of the revenue, but why should not the manu- facturers do the same?

What arguments have the manufactur- ers put up at Ottawa that bring all the privileges their way? I presume it is little arguments of $120,000 or so.

Yours truly, JOHN EVANS. Nutana, Sask., October 25. :

OTTAWA DELEGATION

Editor, Guipe:—I believe the best thing we can do under the circumstances is to send a large delegation to Ottawa. Never was a more important session to be held having four large questions to be threshed out concerning us, namely:

Government ownership and operation of Hudson Bay Railroad.

Government ownership and operation of terminal elevators.

Substantial reduction of the tariff.

Reciprocity with the United States:

This delegation would not be necessary

Four three-year-olds on the Farm of A. A. Hewitt, Manitou, Man.

mention and I presume you would be just as well pleased if nobody else did. You did not tell us, Mr. Jones, of the draw-back “privilege”? you receive. In 1909 you received $169,484.81. You will know if these figures are correct. It is such privileges as these that enabled your company to increase its capital $13,000,000 in one yeur and no stock sold to the public. You prate about “loyal- ty,” ‘* Made in Canada," “development,” etc., but in the face of such a drawback you may well leave that for others to do. You say you “believe in. protection as a means of revenue.” You’ should have added—when others have’ to pay it. Your loyalty is on a par with some of the other manufacturers, for instance: B. T. Rogers, sugar refiner of Vancouver who has recently been loud in his loyalty, but who goes to New York for his insur- ance because it is a few cents cheaper.

By the way, Harmoworth is a_ tariff reformer in England but a free trader in Newfoundland. Evidently the Massey- Harris Co. believes in free trade on raw material, but notwithstanding they get that free, they add the full amount of protection to the finished article. No wonder, sir, that you advocate protection ‘that will afford some measure of advan-

were we properly represented on the floor of the house. This is the unfor- tunate part of it and the labor interests are in the same position. With anything like proper organization the agriculturists and laborites could easily elect fifty members in the next house. and now is the time to organize or the liberals and conservatives will take us by surprise. We have too many professional politicians and too few statesmen. We have too many members in the house who have made a living out of politics all their lives and: it is those members who lend their ears (and for that matter their whole heads) to such men as Senator Lyman Melvin Jones, president of the Massey- Harris Co. We can go on from now until doomsday choosing between the liberal and conservative parties but un- til we elect our own members we will never get or deserve justice. We should have a chance to vote for principles and measures instead of’men. We elect a man and we have no hold on_ him for. five years and if he ‘proves false we can only elect another who may prove worse. I am in favor of naming candidates in a large number of constitu- encies in the three Prairie Provinces and T am in favor of having them pledged to

November 9th, 1910

support on the floor of the house such Measures as our executive may instruct them to support or if they cannot do so, with a clear conscience to resign that we may have a chance to elect those who can. I would like to hear from others on this question though I am_ thoroughly convinced our only course is to advance and take a position on the floor of the

House. A. A. DEARBORN. ON TO OTTAWA Editor, Gutpe:—The manufacturers’

association have decided to apply all their power at Ottawa against tariff reduction, etc., and as an antidote you recommend the farmers to do likewise. By all means—on to Ottawa as many as possible, hotels. and railway companies will not object and our delegates will eventually come home wiser but sadder men. Now should we take along money enough to buy up a majority of the middlemen, corporation servants, we have sent them to legislate for us the same as the manufacturers association does—or how? Has it never occurred to you, Mr. Editor, that there is a better road to Ottawa than through the lobby path? The farmers as a class may be slow but they ure supposed to have considerable hard common sense and the right direc- tion is so simple and easy. Why not give it and keep everlastingly at it: Send a big delegation to Ottawa vf farmers, send them as members of the House.

Vote for bona fide farmers from now on and forever regardless of party. Meet up in time to nominate and we will soon have a sweeping majority in every legis- lating bunch, and we will then be able to deal with Direct Legislation, tariff and every evil of private greed. Yes, sir, on to Ottawa and be quick about it before the corporation servants have peddled out every ounce of public wealth that Canada still possesses.

T. K. ROGNE. Millett, Alta.

LINE UP FOR OTTAWA

Editor, Guide:—Allow me spuce in your valuable paper to place before its readers a suggestion that was made at the meeting of the Hanley Grain Grow- ers by Dr. MacNeill, our provincial member, that when the delegates reach Ottawa and get prepared for business, the delegates from each member’s dis- trict call on’ their member and, yet a conference with their ‘member in re- gard to their support on all the differ- ent grievances that we have to lay be- fore parliament to get rectified. Now I would say, Jet us add more strength to the suggestion by all the deleyates from each member’s district vetting a petition drawn up stating all the Grain Gr-wers’ grievances, and each delegate in their member’s district sign it and place it in ‘their member’s hands to bring before parliament to act on. Now,

if the above was cerried out by the

farmers all over this Dominion and a petition of their grievance’ placed in each of their member’s hands with a demand to have all those wrongs recti- fied, we would put all our members to studying and we would find out whether they were in parliament for the interest of the great trusts and combines or for the benefit of the common people get- ting just legislation. The common peo- ple are the back bone, cords, sinews, blood and life of our country, and un- less they get just legislation the country can’t prosper as it should. Hoping we have a large delegation that will get

some relief. 4 THOMAS LAWRENCE. Hanley, Sask.

SUPPORT THE ELEVATORS

Editor, Guipe:—In your issue of Sept. 7th, I read that there is a report abroad that the farmers in certain localities where government elevators are to be operated are making preparation t» use the loading platform to a very great extent. I trust this report is not true, for to my mind, if it were the case, it smacks somewhat of politics. There was a time for the Grain Growers in politics. That time was the general election now over and gone for another five years. The people have returned the Roblin administration and approved of government ownership of the elevators operated by a commission responsible to the cabinet. This is the present state of affairs and it is our duty, as citizens of Manitoba, whether we be liberals or conservatives, to make the government elevators a success. This

November 9th, 1910

Can only be done by giving it our grain to handle. This is the least we can do in justice to the stand many of us took in the recent elections. Let the govern- ment, (for it is the government) give the people all. information regarding the building up of the new elevator system, elevators purchased, from whom bought, prices paid per bushel, in fact all partic- ulars which as purchasers they have a right to know. It is the concealment of money transactions which will disquiet and estrange the would-be patron of the government elevator system; honesty between the government and the people would*spell success, Personally, I do not retreat one iota from the position I have taken as regards to whom the commission should be responsible.» 1 have fought two elections on the elevator question, opposing the “Constitutional Difficul- ties” in the one. and upholding a ‘ Com- mission directly responsible to the repre- sentatives of the people” in the other, and I am prepared to keep on fighting until we have ‘An elevator system as Laid down by the Grain Growers’ Associa- tion of Manitoba.” In the meantime, let us forget our difficulties, put our shoulders to the wheel and make a success of what we have got as far as it

is possible. G. HUNTLEY MALCOLM. Birtle, Man.

BANKING ACT NEEDS ATTENTION Editor GutpE:—One result of the South African scrip intrigue has been to show up the failure of the system of financing Western agriculture. It is much to be hoped that our delegates to Ottawa will ask the government for certain amend- ments to the Banking Act. The changes desired, being permissive, might be made at any time, but as one of the decennial revisions is due this session now is a spec- ially good time to press for changes. Many bitter complaints against the banks have been published in Tue Gutpe at all times, but I think that if the complainants went alittle deeper they would find it was the Banking Act and not the banks to blame. As it is the banks are absolutely prohibited from lending money on real estate security. The Act specifically permits banks to lend on the flimsiest of wild-cat securities, such_as timber per- mits, or standing timber, but imposes a heavy fine on any banks lending a dollar on the best security in the world—a productive farm. The banks themselves are looking hungrily at the huge volume of business passing their doors which they may not handle, and if the Grain Growers make a heavy kick they will have the tacit support of the banks at least. At present a farmer can practically deposit no col- lateral for a bank loan. A manufacturer can assign his goods to a bank as security for a loan. So do farmers sometimes. But there is this difference: The hypo- thecation of the manufacturer’s, or mer- chant’s, or elevator owner’s goods is an absolute security for the bank, while that of the farmer’s grain in his granary is not worth the paper it is written on. What anomaly is the fact that a bank may lend money on a farmer’s note, but if a land security is deposited it is an offence against the law! The. present methods by which money for Western agriculture is obtainable would be laugh- able if they were not so infuriatiag, Practically the only one in the majority of cases is a loan from a loan company. Mark the contrast: If a farmer wants to get a loan from a bank at which his credi- is good it takes about ten minutes all told before the full amount of the loan is cre- dited to his account. To get a loan from a loan company takes from one to six months. It costs perhaps ten per cent. of the loan for “expenses,” all paid by the borrower. Ultimately, at the company’s extremist leisure the farmer receives the amount less the cost of expenses. But of course, he must pay back the full amount. Then the fastidiousness of these intensely vicious loan and trust companies is extreme. They will only lend on a carefully culled selection of the finest properties. They want a moral security also, i.e., they will not lend a dollar unless they feel sure they can terrify the borrower by threats of foreclosure. Some at least of: the banks are genuinely endeavoring to develop our Western country in mutual- ly agreeable co-operation with the farmers, but the loan and trust companies are mere pirates who take only the cream of the business and scuttle the rest. There are indications that these robbers intend to try for,amendments to the Act for them- selves for the purpose of making it still _ harder for the farmer to finance his busi-

THE GRAIN GROWERS’ GUIDE

ness, and to enable them to skim the cream a little closer, Some time since Mr. Partridge issued a brilliantly designed plan for the ‘co-operative distribution of farm supplies for cash, the money to be supplied by the banks at 8 percent. (or less if possible, I presume) instead of the twenty-five or fifty or one hundred per cent. often exacted by the country storekeepers. I would poiat out that this will be impossible till the Banking Act is amended in the farmers’ interest. Our delegates should ask for farm land to be given as good a status with standing timber in the Act, and for farmers’ grain and cattle to be made as good security as manufacturers’ products in store. . JOSEPH R. TUCKER.

Shoal Lake, Man. bag

ANSWERS J. FINLAY

Editor Gutpg:—In your issue of Oct. 26 I saw a letter from J. Finlay, Dins- more, Sask., in which he-makes some state- ments and puts up a proposition which needs a little more explaining before the general public can form an opinion on them. He says that the Grain Growers’ Company has been of material.advantage to the farmer, and then he immediately threatens the company with extiaction if it does not comply with his demands. Now the point I want iaformation on is

the one dealing with the distribution of |

profits. Mr. Fialay gives us to understand that all except a few favored ones are shut off from sharing the profits of the com- pany. Now I am not a shareholder myself, not being in a position to take up any stock yet, but I hope to do so ia the future, and not being a shareholder do not want dividends on other people’s money. Mr. Finlay must know.as well as I or any other person who reads Tus Goins, that any person who farms can take stock in the Company and receive dividends; so that all Mr. Fialay needs to do is tu take up stock and ship his grain to the company and he will get his share of the prosts. Now to show how Mr. Finlay’s letter looks to a layman we will eliminate the Company and farmers and just suppose there is a man (G, G.) in Winnipeg dealing in grain and another in the country (1°) growing it. Now G. G. comes to F. with a proposition that he says will net him 5c. per bushel more on his wheat than he has heretofore received. fF. ships his grain to G. G. and gets his dc. all right, but he also finds out G. G. made te. for himself, so the next car that F. ships he sends it to someone else who does not give him the 5 cents, and F. goes home and thinks he is getting back at G. G. Who is the loser? 1 don't know Mr. Finlay person- ally, but it would not surprise me to hear that he does not make a habit of shipping to the Grain Growers’ Grain Company. I do and I am perfectly satisiied with the deal they always hand out tome, Men like Mr. Finlay are dangerous to any associa- tion and although too’ much notice should not be taken of them, to ignore them al- together as they deserve, would be too dan- gerous, as once the seed of discord is sown among a body. of men (farmers ia parti- cular) there is no saying where it will finish. Hoping L am not taking too much of your valuable space. WILLIAM, ©. LILWALL, Colonsay P. O., Sask. e

LIKES THE COUNRTY Editor, Guide:—This last year T had ten acres of wheat which yieided thirty- five bushels per acre. ‘The wheat is a fine sample and will rate at No. 1 Nor- thern, at least. Oats averaged about 86 bushels per acre around here. ‘This was better than what we expected, being so dry all through spring. 1 came_ with my family here from Rolette, North Dakota, about two years ago, and must say that so far I am satisfied with the country and conditions. Land is being taken up very fast here, and in a few months at the present rate of ycing the best will be picked up. M. O. CILRISTIANSON. Shellbrook, Sask.

PARCEL POST THE REMEDY

Editor Guipe:—A year ago the Railway Commission revealed the fact that the express companies were making a profit approximating one hundred per cent.,

and were to bring out their report on theg _ subject last May. But nothing more has

been yet heard of it, and the excessiv

charges of the express companies continu:

in restraint of trade and acting as a hea: tax.on farmers of the West, particula. the Dominion Express Company. Ti.

C. P. R. has been so largely “subsidized by the public, and received sv large a slice of our Western lands, they might be con- tent with a smaller proit than i fo eight per cent. for carrying our parcels. Cheap express service and a cheap parcel post, as in England, would reduce the cost of living to. Western farmers considerably. A cheap parcel post would be the simplest way for the government to reduce express rates, and to carry parcels is as mach the duty of the post office as carrying letters. Please help us. F, W. GODSAL.

Cowley, Alta.

A GLORIOUS CONSUMMATION

Editor, Gurpe:—lIn the “ Mail Bag” of Tus Gurpn of April 27 I offered a sugges- tion of a plan to get control of our legislature ‘and thus secure the enactment of laws suitable to our needs as an agri- cultural community. Immediately after its publication I received several letters endorsing my ideas and suggestions, and I hoped it might have the effect of pro- voking some discussion along that line. My communication seems to have failed in that particular and yet I am so thor- oughly in earnest about this matter that 1 think of it by day and dream of it by night. What a glorious consummation it would be if the farmers of these three Western Provinces could: become unified and act in unity on those questions— political and commercial—effecting us as farmers! What an ‘era of prosperity must follow such an event! Contentment and satisfaction would take the place of uncertainty and disappointment, and a

‘feeling of manliness and self respect

supplant the “‘half-whipped-dog”’ sense that takes possession of one when the man of the elevator tells him his wheat grades No. 4 and is worth sixty-six eeats— take it or haul it back home just as you like, or the railroad claim agents admit they killed your best horse but they couldn’t and wouldn’t pay you a cent as you didn’t have hold of the halter at the time of the accident, and you'd better keep quiet about the matter or you may be prosecuted for endangering the lives of the travelling public. Poor, whipped puppy, pitiable man, All because he won’t combine and work with his fellows to secure redress of his wrongs and the maintenance of his rights. Mr. Lewis Gabriel hits the nail squarely on the head when he says, ‘““So long as we divide at election time—we are out of success. . . -Our united ballots would be a power—Let us use them.” With them we can have Direct Legislation. With them we can have tariff reduction. With them we can get pay for stock killed by the railroads, and pay for property burned by them. With our united votes we are the government and can demand and get what we need and try out and prove what we believe to be progressive and advanced economic con- ditions. With them used as I suggested in my letter of April 27—and here you'd better hunt up Tue Gorpe of that date and re-read it—we can change our attitude from the cringing, crawling sycuopants. who went begging of the czar of all the Canadians, Laurier, that he would let them breathe the .God-given air and drink the waters of these vast Western Plains with the same freedom that’ the Indians and buffalos did, and would he please not put a tariff on them to foster some “infant” aeroplane in- dustry down in Halifax—to that of men and masters who do not need to beg of their servants what their situation and natural conditions demand. With these same united votes we can have the Hudson Bay Railroad, terminals, docks and shipping built, owned and operated by the government. Now, if all of these governmental activities and benefits are to be had by a laying aside of political prejudice and pre-conceived notions—for most people get their politics the same as the girl said she got red-hair—from their dad—and many of which are with- out merit—then why should not every farmer, mechanic and laborer join in this movement for a better government—“A government of the people, by the people and for the people. A government pliant and responsive, ready to meet any and

Jevery changed condition of a progressive

ge and people. Mr. Editor and reader— ve can remove the “if’ in the above melusien. These benefits will follow close organization as the night the day. ink it over. Come in and be an

‘husiast, a worker. F. GIFFARD. aymont, Sask.

Page 17

A WARM RECEPTION

Always Awaits You in the

H.B.K.

BRAND

Sheep Lined Coat

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Made especially for WINTER WEAR.

You are always on the inside looking out if you WEAR this KING of KOATS, which KILLS KOLD KLIMATES.

For Farmers, Teamsters, La- borers, Mechanics, and all other Outdoor Workers

A NEAT, COMFORTABLE and WARM coat to work in.

The quality of material and workmanship is indicated by this old reliable trade mark.

It stands for MORE WEAR, MORE COMFORT and MORE

SATISFACTION TO THE WEARER.

Remember there is NO ‘‘Just as good”’ as the II. B. K. Drand.

For sale by leading dealers everywhere in Canada.

Made and guaranteed by the ITUDSON BAY KNITTING CO., MONTREAL.

109

Makers of the ceiebrated H.B.K. Mackinaw Clothing and other warm wearables for winter weather.

Five Ontario agricultural college stu- dents are in jail at Guelph us a result of Hallowe’en pranks.’

The Mormon church at Salt Lake City has placed the ban on plural marriages among members of that cult.

Page 18

DRY FARMING: Its Principles and Practice

By William McDona.d, M,S., Agr., Sc. D., Ph. D. $1.31 post paid

This is one of the most valuable books on dry farming that has yet been ublished, and a study of it would be of great evalue to farmers in those bares of Western Canada where dry farming is being reduced to a science. The author of the book, in additicnu to his experience in the Transvaal, has visited all the important experiment stations in the United States where dry land investigations are being conducted. On this account the book is replete with the very latest information that is valuable on the subject of dry farming. A greut deal of his information is drawn from Utuh and Montana, where dry farming has been conducted very successfully. A number of the illustrations ure taken from dry farms that are being con- ducted by Prof, Aitkinson in Montana, and these farms are considered by experts to be the most up-to-date dry farms on the continent. For the man who is handling a dry farm proposition a book of this kind is almost invaluable, as it covers a thorough conservation of soil moisture, and gives information on the various methods of cultivation necessary with different varieties of svil. The book is considered in this light by a great many American colleges, and has been introduced into them as a text book. Among the subjects discussed in the book are:

History of Dry-Farming The Campbell System

Some Points In Practice Dry-Farminyg Zones

The Conservation of Soil Moisture Dry-Land Crops

Rainfall and Evaporation The Traction Engine in Dry-Farming The Problem of Tillage Dry-Land Experiments

Professor W. J. Elliott, who is in charge of the C.P.R. Farm at Strath- more, Alta., says: ‘‘1 could certainly recommend ‘Dry Farming’ to all those who are considering this work in any one of its phases, and in faet for the man who is farming under more humid conditions there are many points that will aid him very much in the handling and treatment of his soil.’’

The book is written in a simple style that may be understood by every man who reads, and in fact, so well hus the author prepared this work that it reads like an interesting novel. It contains 290 payes and is well illustrated.

BOOK DEPT., GRAIN GROWERS’ GUIDE, WINNIPEG.

Books on Free Trade and Protection

Free Trade—Avebury ......0.cceecceccceeces PE en Se ee pel. B75 The Theory of International Trade with Some of Its Applications

to Economic Policy—Bustuble ........ cece cece eee e cece eves 1.25 Ou Free ‘Trade—Clarke ........ Sreiiers Avia 6 Shales ase tare estate, Scordjerwlee aes : 20 The Trade Policy of Great Britain and Mer Colonies since 1860 —

Fuchs ....... Joig aleig bie ereieis aisle sie.e ale. cie siaere op @ ol aula o ve nle siete alern Dees - 2.50 Free Trade a Failure From the First—Gaskell ...........0..005 -60 The Tariff and the Trusts—Pierce ................6. fe asa e arene sack 1.50 Protective aud Preferential Import Duties—Pigou ..............5. 90 Sixty Years of Protection in Canada (1846-1907)—Porritt .......... 1.50 Free Trade In Being—Rea ........ceceeeeeeeeeeee Raise ark eae 75 The Return of Protection—Smart ................4.. sane arr remraee (11!) Public Addresses—Bright ....2........ Mievera ee sElave tore ncukuand cae area hie sete 4.00 Speeches on Free Trude—Cobden .......... Srbcotare ash attiacocave wide arate eels .29 Trade and Tariffs—Kobertson ............. eee eee Bg a a\oree acee) legs 056) ©) / kee

Sent post paid upon'receipt of price. BOOK DEPT., GRAIN GROWERS’ GUIDE, WINNIPEG.

Sixty Years of Protection in Canada, 1846-1907

By Edward Porritt

Western farmers at the present time are intensely interested in the tariff, and are anxious to secure information upon tariff matters. The above mentioned book by Edward Porritt is the best work on the subject. Mr. Porritt is ‘a British Free Trader, and was for two years a lecturer in Llarvard University on political economy and Canadian constitutional history. In 1905-6 he travelled with the Canadian tariff commission and has devoted a great deal of study to the Canadian tariff and the abuses which have followed protection. Mr. Porritt’s book is entirely non-political and is a study of the tariff history of Canada for the last sixty years. It is written in a most interesting manner and at the same time contains exact informa- tion on trade and manufacturers and the methods by which tariffs are made. Every farmer who is interested in tariff reduction will find Mr. Porritt’s book the most valuable one that he can secure. Ile will also learn how the manufacturers lay aside politics in their efforts to have the tariff burden increased. If every farmer in Canada would read Mr. Porritt’s book, the ‘‘system of legalized robbery’’ would come to an end inside of one year. The book coutuins 478 pages and is fully indexed. It will be sent to any reader for $1.50 postpaid.

BOOK DEPT., GRAIN GROWERS’ GUIDE, WINNIPEG.

Direct Legislation

Continued from Page 9

politicians. John Wanamaker, to show, the people the value of the rights

they were losing, offered to pay $3,000;000.00 for the franchises if they

were valid; but the mayor signed the grants to the conspirators, and the

city. received no compensation whatever! This act of defiance of the ublie will aroused the indignation of the city and the nation, but without irect Legislation the outraged citizens were.helpless.

Note the contrast in Kansas City, in December , 1909, under Direct Legislation. Sixteen years before the franchises held by the traction interests of that city were to expire, their holders sought to extend them an additional twenty-six years, or a total of forty-two years. The terms of the extension were not fair to the city. The council granted the fran- chise, but the people filed a Referendum petition which brought the grant

THE GRAIN GROWERS’ GUIDE

November Yth, 1910

to an election. Vast sums were spent by the traction interests, but the

voters rejected the franchise.

The people of Kansas City protected their rights by using the proper governmental machinery with which they had been wise enough to provide themselves. The people of Philadelphia, from the lack of such machinery, suffered their rights to be flagrantly violated.

The above illustrations are taken from the pamphlet issued by the Direct Legislation League of the State of Washington, 4144 14th Ave., Seattle, Washington, U.S.A.

The Quarrel

Continued from Page 8

“T didn’t.” he said gently.

“Well, if I made a mistake in the words—”

“You didn’t.”

“Then, don’t you see? JT know it couldn't be my picture, or Alan wouldn’t have suid, ‘Who is it?’ Nor your mother’s or sister’s either, since both are well known to him. Don’t you see? she said wistfully. ‘“‘Haven’t you any- thing to say?”

“Yes, I say this.” Tle flung his arms wide in quict, impressive despair— If we can't trust each other—if our first instinct is not to trust each other—if we can’t build our future on each other’s love and honor—had we better go on?”

“You want to end it?” she faltered with stiff lips.

Where they stood the dusk was heavy. Their faces, revealed and shrouded in the leaping and falling of the gypsy fire, were like the faces of accusing phantoms. Rob heard a sob, bitterly fought against, break from her, and in a wild way her hands sought his, crushing a ring into them.

“It is ended,” she moaned.

But he held her hands fast. ‘‘ Answer me first.” His lips were close to hers. “Do you trust me, Betty?” he whispered, with deep, penetrating tenderness. Do you believe that I love and honor you? Could 1 lie to and cheat what I love and honor? Aren’t you first with me? Wouldn’t I shield you against the whole world? Aren’t you my saint and my good angel as well as my sweetheart? Could 1 love you better than 1 dv? Could T need you more?”

“ Forgive me, forgive me,” she whisper- ed, and their lips met. All the other kisses: they had given each other were humbled by this one. It was big with suul, humility and pardon—a sacrament.

They went on tu the camp, hand in hand, in silence. They were on the heights that tower in some silences and from which the valley of ordinary speech must be reached deviously and slowly.

Hours later they were saying good- night. Betty was standing under the lifted flap of the tent.

“Don't you want to ask me some- thing?” Bob said.

“Perhaps you will tell me without my asking,” she smiled, her eyes still penitent.

“You don’t even want to know the color of her eyes?”

“Nor of ber hair—unless you tell me yourself.”

“Well, she hasn’t any hair,” said Bob.

“No hair?”

“No hair—and only one tooth—and the tooth sticks out.”

“Oh!’—she clasped her head in her hands in sudden enlightenment—‘ it’s that hideous baby picture of me. That's what you were talking to my nurse about that day she came to see me—she gave it to you. It was nasty of her. Oh, Bob,” she pleaded, “do give it to me, dear. It's so—so plain.”

“J like it, "said Bob futuously.—Lippin- cotts.

Want Government Operation

At a meeting of the Winnipeg Board of Trade November 1, a resolution, not only urging the speedy construction of the Hudson's Bay Railroad, but demand- ing its construction and operation by the Dominion government through an_ in- dependent commission, was passed. There was a large attendance at the meeting and the resolution, as follows, was passed unanimously:

“Whereas, the Dominion government has by legislation provided for the sale by way of pre-emption, and otherwise, a lund, the proceeds of which were to be set aside for the purpose of construction of a railroad to Hudson’s Bay;

“And, whereas, the minister of the interior in introducing the bill providing such legislation stated it was as a means

of insuring the early completion of the railway to Hudson Bay, and the prime minister and the minister of railways have since stated that it is the intention of the government to provide for the im- mediate construction of such railway;

““And, whereas, under that provision land has now been disposed of representing an amount of over $21,000,000, exclusive of interest;

“Therefore, be it resolved, that this board desires to place on record its grati- fication that the wishes of the Western provinces, in the opening out, of the Hud- son’s Bay route, are now to have effect. And further, to place on record its opinion that the full benefits to Canada of the opening of this alternative route to the world’s markets will be secured only if the government builds this railway as a national work and retains its ownership in perpetuity, and that such railway is operated by the government itself under independent commissivn, and that the government, should effect such arrange- ments as to make the highway equally available to all Canadian railways.”

The resolution was introduced by ex-Mayor James TI. Ashdown, who, in urging its passage said in part:

“We are now in the position, after long agilation, of having something tangible before us. In 1908 the gevernment took the matter up, and by legislation provided for the disposal of lands in the West in such a way that the proceeds would ge for the construction of this railroad. - The minister of railways. in speaking on a cer- tain occasion, remarked: ‘I am insisting

on the pre-emption provision as a means

of ensuring the early building of the rail- way to Iludson’s Bay. We believe that by that provision we would he able to raise a fund for the railway.’

“Time has gone on, and according to the reports issued by the Dominion gov- ernment, lands have been sold to an amount of $21,000,000. It is anticipated that with the interest when all the money iv in, it will be about $24.000,000. It is estimated that the cust of the construction of the Hudson’s Bay Railway will be somewhere in the vicinity of 818,000,000 so that there is ample money in sight for the purpose.

‘*The people of the West are anxious for the construction of this road, and not only do they think that it should be constructed by the government, but that it should be operated in such a way as to give the greater amount of benetit to the country. My own opiuion certainly is that the road should be built by the government, should be owned by the gov- ernment, and should be controlled com- pletely by the government. There ought also to be running rights for the other Canadian companies, and the rates of freight on our outgoing grain and produce should be a through rate from the point of shipment. We are all of the opinion that the road must be a common road for the benefit of all. I do not care about the interests of the corporations, but the in- terests of the people of the country.”

Il. M. Belcher, who seconded the resolu- tion, thought that the board would have no difficulty in speaking with an un- animous voice its opinion that the road should be built and controlled by the government. If the road was operated by the government thal would serve as a check on the unfair rates which might be made by railway corporations.

F, W. Drewry presided at the meeting, and the other members present’ were: H. M. Belcher, J. H. Ashdown, A. L. Joba- son, R. L. Richardson, J. E. McAllister, John Stovel, A. Harstone, J. Thomson, D. E. Sprague, N. Bawif, Joho A. Girvin, J. H. Williard, Arthur Congdon, TD. Robinson, M. Bull, A. Macdonald, N. T. MacMillan, Wm. Bulman, A. McAllister, John Wildman, W. Reynolds, Audrew Strang, G. N. Jackson, J. G. Dagg, H. Miller, G. F. Carruthers, J. H. Chambers, C. B. Piper, Arthur Wickson, T. R. Dea- con, G. A Glines, J. E. Holland, E. D. Martin, Geo. Fisher, John Fleming, R. Driscoll, G. M. Newton, J. G. Chis- holm, C. M. Scott, Edward Barry, and C. N. Bell, secretary.

November 9th, 1910

A meeting of the executive of the Saskatchewan Grain Growers’ associa- tion was held in the office of the secre- tary-treasurer, Moose Jaw, on Oct. 28, at 9.30 a.m. The meeting in the morn- ing was opened with Vice-President Murray in the chair, a telegram having been received from Mr. Gates stating that he would be present in the after- noon. The forenoon was taken up in discussing general subjects regarding the progress and welfare of the associa- tion. The correspoudence files regard- ing the Ottawa delegation, district con- ferences and organization purposes for a fall campaign were laid before the executive.

Mr. Gates arrived at noon, and the question of the Ottawa delegation was gone into and resulted in the following resolution: Moved by Mr. Ilawkes, sec- onded by Mr. Murray, ‘‘That the ex- ecutive endorse the uction previously taken by the secretary regarding the Ottawa trip, and that he proceed with all the necessary organization work for a successful carrying out of the object in view.’’ Carried. Moved by Messrs. Maharg and Ilawkes: ‘*That each mem- ber of the executive consider himself a delegate on the Ottawa demonstra- tion.’’ Carried. Moved by Mr. Part- ridge, seconded by Mr, Murray: ‘That the secretary write President MeQuaig, of the Canadian Council of Agriculture, asking him to eall a meeting of the council to meet at Ottawa on the ar- rival of the Grain Growers’ speciul on the 14th of December. Further, that the secretary endeavor to arrange for a meeting of the executives and such of the directors and other delegates of the three provinces as might be useful in the preparation of the proposals to be made to the government, the meet- ing to be held in Winnipeg on the 9th and 10th of December.’’

Re organization work. Consideration was given to the different proposals re organization, one of District Conven- tions being held, the other of adopting the plan to hold a meeting at each asso- ciation during the intervening time pre- vious to the Ottawa delegation. After full discussion it was decided that the convention idea was the most feasible plan, and ea¢h officer pledged himself to give at least one week to this work, leaving all arrangements in the hands of the secretary.

The question of interviewing the pro- vincial government regarding the reso- lutions passed at our last convention was considered, and on motion of Messrs. Murray and Maharg, the presi- dent and Mr. Hawkes were appointed a committee to interview the govern- ment with a view to finding out what steps the government will take at the coming session to give assent to the wishes of the Grain Growers. The sec- retary was instructed to write the gov- ernment and arrange for a suitable date for the interview. The meeting was ar- ranged for Friday, the 4th of November. ‘Considerable discussion was raised re the probable outcome of the report of the elevator commission, The president reported that from information he had received, the report would not be avail- able before it was laid on the table of the legislature. The secretary verbally informed the executive that it would not be likely that he could perform the duties of secretary-treasurer much longer, and suggested that they be on the lookout for a new servant in that capacity.

Considerable discussion took place re- garding the advisability of an earlier date for the annual convention, but owing to the proposed Ottawa delega- tion, the Manitoba and Alberta conven- tions, the sitting of the Saskatchewan legislature, and the necessity for hav- ing the elevator commission report in the hands of the people before our con- vention, it was decided to leave the ‘matter in aheyance for the time being. -Severa) letters re crop failures and

THE GRAIN GROWERS’ GUIDE

scarcity of feed, help, etc.; in several parts were read, and the following reso- lution was passed: Moved by Mr. Ma- harg, seconded by Mr. Partridge: ‘‘That the executive of the S.G.G.A. desire to draw the attention of the minister of agriculture to the need of provision in certain districts of the province for seed grain to settlers for the next sea- son, as shown by the attached letter, and respectfully recommend that the minister institute enquiries in such dis- tricts with a view to alleviating pos- sible distress. Several other matters were considered before the meeting ad- journed,

SOUTH MOOSE JAW AWAKE

A joint meeting of the Red Lake, Camlachie and Cataraqui Grain Grow- ers’ Associations was held in the Quincey school house on the 31st of October to discuss the advisability of taking advantage of Sir Wilfrid’s in- vitation to send a delegate to Ottawa. Mr. Wolfe, president of the Red Lake Association, occupied the chair. Mr. Sinclair was secretary. The chairman explained the necessity of being rep- resented at Ottawa in the coming dele- gation to the Government, and as the

expense of a delegate would be consid- ference on a similar plan, at which it is expected delegates will gather from all the surrounding associations.

Over twenty different prominent grain growers have been asked to pre- pare papers and appear at one or more of these meetings and take part in the deliberations. You will see by the en- closed schedule where these confer- ences are to be held, and the date. If one of them is scheduled for your point, kindly do all you ean to advertise it to the associations around about you. Make all provisions possible re halls, hotel accommodation for two or three speakers, ete. Take everything on and go in to make this a success. The cen- tral is loaded with work and is doing all it ean. These kind of meetings may not be the best, but the better ones will follow. Do not qwestion now, or criti- cize, but try your best to make it go. There are several associations who would like the meeting that is to be at your point held at theirs. If your point is not on the schedule, go in to get all your members that possibly can to attend one of these conferences nearest to them. The points are chosen as well as possible to meet the many considerations necessarily entering into such arrangements. No doubt there are errors. We wish we could avoid them.

The butcher's wagon calls at the homestead at Delisle, Sask.

erable, perhaps one would be sufficient for the three associations. It was de- cided that one delegate at least should be sent. Several questions were dis- cussed, viz., the tariff, the high price of lumber, the banking act, and other disadvantages under which the farmer labors. The matter of electing the delegate was held over until the second Friday in November, when the follow- ing associations will meet at Red Lake: Red Lake, Newberry, Camlachie, Cata- raqui. In the meantime a committee is at work organizing a box social to

_ be held in the Red Lake school house

on the 10th of Nov. to raise funds for the delegate or delegates.

THOS. CONLAN. Moose Jaw, Sask.

TO OUR OFFICERS AND MEMBERS

Brothers,—A Grain Growers’ confer- ence is being held at Saskatoon on the 15th and 16th of November. The full board of directors will confer with the chairmen of the organization districts, and as many Grain Growers as may see fit to gather for consultation and ad- vice. At the close of this conference

a group of these officers will visit the following central points in each or- ganization district and conduct a con-

TO ALL SECRETARIES

All nearby associations should attend the Saskatoon meeting. Routes for speakers will be definitely arranged at Saskatoon. Meetings commence in the morning ‘at 9:30, afternoon 2:30, and evening 8 o’clock. Local officers should go on anc hold the conference should anything oceur to break any of these plans. There are as good men locally as those far afield. Go in to think out that which is best for our association. Have a good meeting in any case. After that, On to Ottawa.

F. W. GREEN, Secretary. Moose Jaw, Sask.

Schedule of Meetings No. 1— Nov. 17—Strassburg; conference after- noon, night mass meeting. Nov. 18—llazelcliffe; conference after- noon, night mass meeting. No. 2— Nov. 16—Nokomis, afternoon and eve- ning. Nov. 17—Jasmin, evening, and morning of 18th, Nov. 18—Atwater, evening. Nov. 19—Saltcoats, afternoon and eve-

ning. Nov. 21—Springside, afternoon and eve- ning.

Branch secretaries are reminded that our offer of a three month’s subscrip-

tion for Ten Cents expires December Ist.

any more of these trial subscriptions.

After that date we cannot accept

This is an excellent means of procuring

Association. members and numerous branches have sent in these three month’s subscriptions for all prospective members in their districts, as well as active members who do not take Tum Guipg. The amount involved is small—Ten Cents each—and a few dollars expended this way on the part of each branch,

will produce results which will surpass all expectations.

Please take the matter

up at your next meeting—Education means victory’ THE GRAIN GROWERS’ GUIDE, WINNIPEG, MANITOBA.

Page 19

SASKATCHEWAN GRAIN GROWERS’ ASSOCIATION

Honorary President: E.N.lopkins, Moose Jaw

President: F. M. Gates, Fillmore

Vice-President:

| —————-' J. A. Murray, Wapella Secretary-Treasurer:

Fred. W. Green - - Moose Jaw Directors at Large:

BE. A. Partridge, Sintaluta; George Langley, Maymout; F. W. Green, Moose Jaw; F. C. Tate, Grand Cou- lee; A. G. Hawkes, Percival; Wm. Noble, Oxbow.

District Directors:

James Robinson, Walpole; J. A. Maharg, Moose -law; Charles Dun- ning, Beaver Dale; John Evans, Nu- tana; Dr. T. Hill, Kinley; Thomas Cochrane, Melfort; Andrew Knox, Colleston; George Boerma, North Bottleford.

Nov. 22—Foam Lake, afternoon and

evening. Nov. 23—Lannigan, afternoon and eve- ning No. 3— Nov. 16—Zealandia, evening (then drive to). Nov. 17—Outlook, afternoon and eve- ning. Nov. 18—Tugaske, afternoon and eve- ning. : No. 4—

Nov. 14—Bethune, afternoon and eve- ning (on way up). Nov. 14—Craik, afternoon and evening (Party No. 2 on way up). No. 5— Nov. 16—Hanley, afternoon and eve- . ning. Nov. 17—Lumsden, evening. Nov. 18—Tregarva, afternoon, Nov. 19—Grand Coulee, afternoon. No. 6— Nov. 17—Perdue, afternoon and eve- ning.

5 Nov. 18—Dhippen, afternoon and eve- ning. No. 7— Nov. 17—Lashburn, afternoon and eve-

ning.

Nov. 18—North Battleford, afternoon and evening.

Nov. 19--Radisson, afternoon and eve-

ving. No. 8— Nov. 22—Melfort, afternoon and eve- ning. Nov. 23—Melfort, morning and after- noon. Nov. 24—Prinee Albert, afternoon and evening. No. 9— Nov. 29—Milestone, afternoon and eve- ning. Nov. 30—Hstevan, afternoon and eve- ning. Dec. 1—Carnduff, afternoon and eve- ning.

Dec. 2—Wawota, evening, 8.30. Dec. 3—Wawota, morning conference. No. 10— Dec. 6—Moose Jaw, afternoon and evening. Dec. 7—Moose Jaw,

morning and afternoon.

ON TO OTTAWA

Now that the local associations of the Grain Growers’ are in many _ instances appointing delegates to juin in the march to Ottawa, I would like to make a few remarks on the importance of this delega- tion to the seat of federal power. I will take the Hudson Bay railway first as being the oldest matter under discussion, and as this has been perennially threshed out ever since I have been in Canada (27 years), and its necessity clearly demonstrated, I will only add one more advantage it will be to the West. That is, it will largely solve the labor question, especially at harvest time, at which period the difficulty of obtaining help is becoming more accentuated as the years roll on:

With regard to the terminal elevators, as the Grain Exchange do not appear to have taken steps to clean this